芦山地震五年后雅安市居民躯体症状及相关障碍患病率及相关因素分析

Prevalence and related factors of somatic symptoms and related disorders in Ya’an city five years after Lushan earthquake.

目的了解芦山地震五年后雅安市15岁及以上人群躯体症状及相关障碍的患病率及相关因素。方法于2019年在雅安市的两区六县开展精神障碍流行病学调查,采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,用12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)、神经症筛查表、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)及健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)进行初筛,以DSM-5轴Ⅰ障碍临床定式检查研究版(SCID-5-RV)为诊断工具。结果躯体症状及相关障碍调整12个月患病率为6.95%,调整终身患病率8.99%。有躯体症状及相关障碍者SSRS总分及主观支持、对支持的利用度以及SF-36总分及躯体健康总评、精神健康总评分均低于无躯体症状及相关障碍者(P<0.05)。回归分析显示,女性、中/老年、患慢性躯体疾病为躯体症状及相关障碍的危险因素(P<0.05),初中、中/高收入为保护因素(P<0.05)。结论芦山地震五年后雅安市居民的躯体症状及相关障碍患病率处于较高水平,其中女性、中老年、患慢性躯体疾病、受教育程度及收入水平较低者应受到更多的关注。

Objective To explore the prevalence and related factors of somatic symptoms and related disorders in Ya’an residents aged 15 and above five years after Lushan earthquake.Methods In 2019,stratified multistage random sampling was used to investigate the prevalence of mental disorders in 6 counties and 2 districts of Ya’an city.The revised General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12),neurosis screening form,Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)and Short Form-36 Health Survey(SF-36)were used for preliminary screening.The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Axis I Disorder-Research Version(SCID-5-RV)was used as the diagnostic tool.Results The adjusted 12-month prevalence rate of somatic symptoms and related disorders was 6.95%,and the adjusted lifetime prevalence rate was 8.99%.The total score and factor scores of subjective support,utilization of support of SSRS,the total score and factor scores of physical health and mental health of SF-36 in residents with somatic symptoms and related disorders were lower than those in residents without somatic symptoms and related disorders(P<0.05).Regression analysis showed that female,middle age/old age,chronic physical diseases were risk factors for somatic symptoms and related disorders(P<0.05),and education level of junior high school,medium/high income were protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusion Five years after the Lushan earthquake,the prevalence of somatic symptoms and related disorders in residents in Ya’an city is at a high level.Among them,females,middle-aged and old people,people with chronic physical diseases,low education level and income level should be paid more attention to.