不同年龄社区人群精神疾病病耻感及其影响因素分析

Stigma and its influencing factors of mental disorders in community population with different ages.

目的调查天津市社区不同年龄人群精神疾病病耻感状况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样抽取天津市社区居民18~39岁447名、40~59岁697名和60岁及以上465名进行一般资料问卷、贬低-歧视感知量表(PDD)以及心理健康知识问卷评定。结果不同年龄段PDD条目1、2、3、4、5、9和10的应答情况比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄段PDD贬低感知评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。进一步事后分析发现,18~39岁社区人群PDD贬低感知得分与40~59岁和≥60岁比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元回归分析表明,心理健康知识得分为18~39岁、≥60岁社区人群精神疾病病耻感的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论天津市社区不同年龄居民对精神疾病的公众病耻感存在显著差异,年龄较高或心理健康知识水平较低的居民存在对精神疾病更高的感知病耻感水平。

Objective To explore the stigma and its influencing factors of mental disorders among people with different ages in Tianjin community.Methods A total of 447 community residents aged 18~39,697 community residents aged 40~59,and 465 community residents aged 60 and above in communities of Tianjin city were selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling and assessed with general information questionnaire,Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale(PDD)and mental health knowledge questionnaire.Results There were significant differences in the response rates of items 1,2,3,4,5,9 and 10 in PDD among different age groups(P<0.05).Differences in the factor scores of devaluation perception of PDD among different age groups were statistically significant(P<0.01).Postmortem analysis showed that there existed significant differences in the factor scores of devaluation perception of PDD between 18~39 age group and 40~59 age group,≥60 age group(P<0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that in 18~39 age group and≥60 age group,the mental health knowledge score was an influencing factor for the stigma of mental disorders(P<0.05).Conclusion There are significant differences in the public stigma of mental disorders among residents with different ages in Tianjin communities.Residents with higher age or lower levels of mental health knowledge have higher levels of perceived stigma of mental disorders.