乌鲁木齐市脑卒中高危人群健康素养现况及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of health literacy of high-risk stroke population in Urumqi

目的了解乌鲁木齐市脑卒中高危人群健康素养水平及相关影响因素,从而为乌鲁木齐市脑卒中一级预防提供策略支持。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年6月—2020年4月在新疆医科大学健康管理中心接受健康体检的脑卒中高危人群为研究对象,共2368名。应用自行构建的脑卒中风险评估模型筛选脑卒中高危人群,采用慢性病患者健康素养量表了解该人群的健康素养情况,并采用多重线性回归分析该人群健康素养的影响因素。结果脑卒中高危人群的慢性病患者健康素养量表总分为(95.55±8.84)分。4个维度的具备率由高到低依次为经济支持、健康信息获取能力、健康意愿、交流互动能力。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、婚姻状况、学历人群的慢性病患者健康素养量表得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、学历、婚姻状况是脑卒中高危人群健康素养的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐市脑卒中高危人群健康素养水平受年龄、婚姻状况分布、文化程度分布的影响,应根据本地区脑卒中高危人群的特点做好其健康教育及健康促进工作。

Objective To understand the level of health literacy and related influencing factors of high-risk stroke population in Urumqi,so as to provide strategic support for primary prevention of stroke in Urumqi.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 2368 high-risk stroke people who received physical examinations at Health Management Center of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2019 to April 2020 were selected as the research objects.A self-built stroke risk assessment model was used to screen the high-risk stroke people,Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Chronic Disease was used to understand the health literacy of the population,and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors affecting the health literacy of the population.Results The total score of Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Chronic Disease in the high-risk stroke population was(95.55±8.84).From high to low,the possession rates of the 4 dimensions were economic support,health information acquisition ability,health will and communication and interaction ability.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of chronic disease patients with different ages,marital status and educational backgrounds(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,educational background and marital status were the influencing factors of health literacy of high-risk stroke populations(P<0.05).Conclusions The level of health literacy of high-risk stroke population in Urumqi is affected by the distribution of age,marital status and educational levels.Therefore,health education and health promotion should be done according to the characteristics of high-risk stroke population in Urumqi.