衡水湖绿化植物种类构成及其空间格局

The species composition and spatial pattern of landscape plants in Hengshui Lake

通过开展衡水湖绿化植物的野外调查,并利用GIS10.0、Sorenson指数和适宜性指数等,分析其种类组成、空间格局、相似性和适宜性。结果表明,衡水湖绿化植物种类较多,单种科属占比很高,衡水湖植物种类组成正在发生明显变化。绿化植物地理成分复杂,区系性质以温带分布为主,特别是北温带分布型;以灌木、乔木和多年生草本等典型园林观赏植物为主,湿生植物较少。人类活动使景观区域绿化植物丰富度和种类组成有明显的差异,其中衡水湖东侧和南侧的公园内植物种类最为丰富。绿化植物的使用以外来物种为主,绿化植物所形成生境的水鸟栖息地适宜性低。未来衡水湖的绿化建设应优先考虑湿地生态系统适宜性、野生动植物对生境的需求。

A field survey of cultivated plants had carried out in Hengshui Lake,and the species composition,spatial pattern,similarity and suitability of landscape plants were analyzed by GIS10.0,Sorenson index and suitability index.The results showed that there were many species of landscape plants with a high proportion of single family and genera in Hengshui Lake,resulting in the significant change on the species composition of plant in this region.The geographical composition of landscape plants was complex,and the flora characters were primarily of the temperate types,especially north temperate type.Typical garden ornamental plants such as shrubs,trees and perennial herbs were mainly used,while the species of hygrophyte were few.There are obvious differences in the richness and species composition of landscape plant among areas under different human activities,among which the parks on the east and south sides of Hengshui Lake had the most abundant plant species.Moreover,the suitability of habitat of waterbirds formed by landscape plants was very low,due to the use of a large number of alien species.In the future,the afforestation in Hengshui Lake should give priority to the suitability of wetland ecosystem and the demand of wildlife for habitat.