太湖流域水质空间分布状况与污染源识别

Spatial distribution of the water quality and identification of pollution sources in Taihu Lake Basin

文章应用太湖流域管理局发布的2018年565个站点的水质数据,可视化整个流域的水质空间分布状况,再用聚类分析探究水质空间分布模式,主成分分析/因子分析识别污染源,发现人口密集地区水质最差,浙西区水质最好。人口密集地区污染源为来自生活污水和工业废水的有机污染以及来自生活污水的氮磷污染。乡镇河流下游常发生缺氧,是由其水文条件和来自种植与养殖业的面源污染导致。洮湖、滆湖、西北太湖、阳澄湖和淀山湖水质最差,污染源是农业面源污染和生活污水,也受浮游植物影响。

In this study,the water quality data of 565 sites released by the Taihu Lake Basin Authority in 2018 were used to visualize the spatial distribution of water quality in the whole basin.Cluster analysis was used to obtain the water quality spatial distribution pattern,and factor analysis was used to identify pollution sources.It is found that the water quality in densely populated areas was the worst,and the pollution sources were organic pollution from domestic sewage and industrial wastewater and nutrient pollution from domestic sewage.The water quality in Zhexi region was the best.Hypoxia often occurred in the lower reaches of township rivers,which was caused by hydrological conditions and nonpoint source pollution from planting and breeding.Taohu Lake,Gehu Lake,northwestern Taihu Lake,Yangcheng Lake and Dianshan Lake had the worst water quality,and the pollution sources were agricultural non-point source pollution,domestic sewage and the impact of phytoplankton.