矿物组分对智能分选X射线识别规律研究

Study on the X-ray recognition law of intelligent sorting by mineral components

针对煤和矸石智能分选过程中的分离依据问题,利用X射线识别矿物原理,结合图像灰度值提取方法,研究了不同性质的矿物及煤炭在不同尺度及密度情况下的灰度值变化规律。结果表明,单一矿物及混合矿物的灰度值随其厚度及密度的增加而逐渐减小,相同厚度时,矿物密度越大,其灰度值越小,这一规律同样适用于不同煤样。利用回归分析的方法,得到单一矿物和混合矿物厚度灰度值的回归方程,其中单一矿物石墨、石英、高岭土、蒙脱石在高能区和低能区下的回归方程系数a分别为59.25、65.69、61.61、58.02和174.95、177.31、186.95、161.81;利用石墨分别与其他3种矿物混合制得石墨∶石英、石墨∶高岭土、石墨∶蒙脱石、石墨∶高岭土∶石英、石墨∶蒙脱石∶石英、石墨∶蒙脱石∶高岭土样品,其高能区和低能区的回归系数分别为151.12、156.00、153.13、152.43、152.98、151.98和193.34、201.34、192.93、191.26、194.68、193.08,并用单一矿物回归方程对混合矿物进行验证,发现灰度区间与密度区间相对应,符合X射线识别规律;不同煤种(焦煤,肥煤,气煤)的灰度值与其厚度和密度具有高度显著的规律性,且变化趋势与单一矿物和混合矿物一致。

Aiming at the problems of selection and separation basis in the intelligent separation process of coal and gangue,the change rule of gray value of mineral and coal with different nature at different scales and densities was studied by X-rays identify minerals principle and image grayscale extraction method.The results show that the grayscale value of single mineral and mixed mineral decreases gradually with the increase of thickness and density.At the same thickness,the higher mineral density is,the smaller the gray value is,and this result is also applicable to different coal type.The regression equation for single mineral and mixed mineral was obtained by regression analysis method.The regression equation coefficients a of graphite,quartz,kaolin and montmorillonite in high and low energy regions are 59.25,65.69,61.61,58.02 and 174.95,177.31,186.95,161.81,respectively.Graphite is mixed with other three minerals to produce graphite∶quartz,graphite∶kaolin,graphite∶montmorillonite,graphite∶kaolin∶quartz,graphite:montmorillonite∶kaolin,graphite∶quartz,graphite∶montmorillonite∶kaolin,and the regression equation coefficients in high and low energy regions are 151.12,156.00,153.13,152.43,152.98,151.98 and 193.34,201.34,192.93,191.26,194.68,193.08,respectively.Then,the regression equation of single mineral was used to verify the mixed minerals.It is found that the gray-scale interval corresponds to the density interval,which conforms to the principle of X-ray recognition.The gray-scale values of different kinds of coal(coking coal,fat coal,gas coal)have a highly significant regularity with their thickness and density,and the change trend was consistent with that of single mineral and mixed mineral.