社会经济地位与老年人身心健康:兼论社会交往的中介效应

Socioeconomic Status and Physical and Mental Health of the Elderly:The Mediating Effects of Social Communication

目的:实证分析社会经济地位与我国老年人身心健康的关系。方法:运用多重线性回归、Sobel检验和Bootstrap检验,分析社会经济地位对老年人身心健康的影响及社会交往的中介效应。结果:社会经济地位对老年人身心健康具有显著正向影响,阶层认同、家庭经济状况和受教育年限每增加1分,老年人自评健康分别增加0.096分、0.225分和0.009分,心理健康分别增加0.106分、0.194分和0.019分;通过提高社交频率,促进老年人自评健康和心理健康。结论:为促进老年人身心健康,在经济层面,要缩小老年人的贫富差距;在教育层面,要提高国民受教育率;在社会心理层面,要推动和谐社区建设,增加老年人的幸福感、获得感、安全感。

Objective This paper empirically analyzes the relationship between socioeconomic status and the physical and mental health of the elderly in China.Methods This paper uses multiple linear regression,Sobel test and Bootstrap test to analyze the influence of socioeconomic status on the physical and mental health of the elderly and the mediating effect of social communication.Results Socioeconomic status has a significant positive effect on the physical and mental health of the elderly.When class identification,family financial status and years of education increased by 1 point,the self-rated health of the elderly increased by 0.096 points,0.225 points and0.009 points,respectively,and mental health increased by 0.106 points,0.194 points and 0.019 points,respectively;promote self-assessment and mental health of the elderly by increasing the frequency of social communication.Conclusion In order to promote the physical and mental health of the elderly,at the economic level,we should narrow the gap between rich and poor;at the educational level,we should improve the national education rate;at the social and psychological level,we should promote the construction of harmonious communities and increase the elderly’s sense of happiness,achievement and security.