男性缺陷型精神分裂症氧化应激水平 与认知功能的相关性

Research on correlation between oxidative stress and cognitive function in male patients with deficit schizophrenia

目的探讨男性缺陷型精神分裂症(DS)患者的血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总抗氧化能力(TAOC)的水平和神经认知功能及两者的相关分析。方法采取横断面研究方法,入组年龄、教育程度相匹配的DS、非缺陷型精神分裂症(NDS)和健康对照(HC)各48例,使用ELISA法检测三组的SOD、CAT及TAOC水平,采用数字划消、范畴流利、空间广度(SST)、连线测验(TMT)、Stroop测验、定步调听觉连续加法测验(PASAT)评估神经认知功能。分析血清SOD、CAT、TAOC水平与神经认知功能的相关性。结果DS组、NDS组及HC组间血清SOD[(10.47±2.40)、(11.65±2.37)、(13.43±1.62)U/ml]、TAOC[(0.95±0.14)、(1.05±0.13)、(1.17±0.11)mmol/L]、CAT[(14.14±4.37)、(20.19±6.89)、(23.55±7.28)U/ml]的差异有统计学意义(F=22.775、35.648、19.860,均P<0.001),DS组与NDS组的SOD、TAOC、CAT水平均低于HC组,DS组最低。DS组、NDS组及HC组间数字划消(所需时间)、范畴(动作、总分)、空间(顺行、总分)、TMT-A、TMT-B、Stoop(单词、颜色、色词)、PASAT(正确、尝试)差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001),DS组、NDS组均低于HC组,DS组更甚。DS组与NDS组间的数字划消(漏划个数)、范畴(动物)及空间广度(逆行)水平低于对照组(均P<0.001),但两患者组之间差异无统计学意义。NDS组的数字划消(错误个数)与DS组、对照组差异均无统计学意义(P=0.256,P=0.109),DS组与对照组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。DS组CAT水平、SOD水平分别与数字划消(错误个数)呈负相关(r=-0.334,P=0.020;r=-0.377,P=0.008)。NDS组SOD水平与范畴(动作)呈正相关(r=0.299,P=0.039);NDS组TAOC水平与Stoop(色词)呈正相关(r=0.310,P=0.032)。结论DS存在明显的氧化应激失衡及神经认知功能受损。氧化应激可能是导致精神分裂症病理机制和认知障碍的潜在神经生物学因素。

Objective To investigate the levels of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase assay kit(CAT)and total antioxidant capacity(TAOC),and neurocognitive function in male patients with deficit schizophrenia(DS),and their correlation analysis.Methods In this cross-sectional study,there were 48 DS patients,48 NDS(non-deficit schizophrenia)patients and 48 healthy controls(HC)with matched issue age and education background.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of SOD,CAT and TAOC in the three groups.The neurocognitive function of all subjects was evaluated by digit erasure test,category fluency test,spatial span test(SST),connection test(TMT),Stroop test,and paced auditory serial addition test(PASAT).The correlation between serum SOD,CAT,TAOC and neurocognitive function was analyzed.Results The differences in serum SOD[(10.47±2.40),(11.65±2.37),(13.43±1.62)U/ml],TAOC[(0.95±0.14),(1.05±0.13),(1.17±0.11)mmol/L],CAT[(14.14±4.37),(20.19±6.89),(23.55±7.28)U/ml]among the three groups were statistically significant(F=22.775,35.648,19.860;all P<0.001).The levels of SOD,TAOC,and CAT in DS group and NDS group were lower than those in HC group,and the DS group is the lowest.There were statistically significant differences(all P<0.001)among DS group,NDS group and HC group in number elimination(time required),category(action,total score),space(anterograde,total score),TMT-A,TMT-B,Stoop(word,color,color word),and PASAT(correct,try).DS group and NDS group were lower than HC group,especially the DS group.The levels of digital deletion(number of omitted scratches),category(animal)and spatial breadth(retrograde)between DS group and NDS group were lower than those of HC group,but the differences between the two patient groups were not statistically significant(all P<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference between NDS group,DS group,and HC group(P=0.256;P=0.109),while there was a statistically significant difference between DS group and HC group(P<0.05 or 0.01).The levels of CAT and SOD in DS group were negatively correlated with the number of errors(r=-0.334,P=0.020;r=-0.377,P=0.008).SOD level was positively correlated with category(action)(r=0.299,P=0.039)in NDS group;TAOC level was positively correlated with Stoop(color word)(r=0.310,P=0.032)in NDS group.Conclusions There are oxidative stress imbalance and neurocognitive impairment in deficit schizophrenic patients.Oxidative stress may be a potential neurobiological factor leading to the pathological mechanism and neurocognitive impairment of schizophrenia.