丝绸之路上的粟特、回鹘民族与茶叶在亚洲腹地的传播

Sogdian and Uighur Ethnic Groups Along the Silk Road and the Spread of Tea in the Hinterland of Asia

本文以丝绸之路上的饮食文化传播为视角,关注公元8—11世纪茶叶的西向传播。公元7世纪以后,丝绸之路在历经数百年的沉寂之后再次成为世界东西交流的大通道,隋唐文化的"世界重心"地位推动了中华饮食文化在世界范围内的传播,传播广度大大超过了前朝。中唐以后饮茶之风遍及南北,形成了成熟的茶叶消费市场,茶的种植、制作、销售成为社会经济重要组成部分,随粟特、回鹘等民族在丝绸之路沿线的活动,茶叶在当时成为丝路流通的重要商品之一,并得以逐渐西传。可以说,粟特、回鹘人的贸易活动直接推动了茶与茶文化在亚洲腹地的传播。

From the perspective of the food culture spread on the Silk Road,this paper focuses on the westward spread of tea in the 8th-11th century.Since the 7th century,the Silk Road once again became a major channel for the exchange between the East and the West after hundreds of years of silence.The status of Sui and Tang culture as the"world center of gravity"promoted the spread of Chinese food culture in the world,and the scope of communication greatly exceeded those of previous dynasties.After mid-Tang Dynasty,tea drinking spread throughout the north and south,forming a huge tea consumption market.Tea planting,production and sales became important parts of social economy.With the trade activities of Sogdian,Uighur and other Central Asian nations along the Silk Road,tea became one of the important commodities in the Silk Road circulation at that time,and gradually spread to the West.It can be said that the trade activities of Sogdians and Uighurs directly promoted the spread of tea and tea culture in the hinterland of Asia.