国内全膝关节置换磨损测试及数值模拟研究进展

Research progress in wear testing and computational simulation of total knee replacement in China

人工膝关节磨损的模拟机测试及数值模拟是体外评价假体磨损性能、预测膝关节产品临床表现的重要方法。基于文献检索,在步态运动条件下,对国内学者体外磨损测试采用的力学和运动学曲线及国人测量的曲线进行对比,并对体外模拟机试验和数值模拟模型的方法进行对比、归纳和分析;结果表明,国内测量数据还不能直接作为模拟机磨损测试和数值模拟的加载条件,国人的膝关节力学和运动学数据与国际标准相比有所差异。对于体外模拟机测试,国内不同机构的测试方法相近,但结果有一定差别。对于磨损数值计算研究,国内与国外基本同步,但是磨损计算结果较体外测试均较低。基于国人膝关节力学和运动学数据的人工膝关节磨损性能评价体系是研究的方向。

The simulator testing in vitro and computational simulation of the artificial knee joint wear are important methods to evaluate the wear performance of the prosthesis in vitro and to predict the clinical performance of knee joint products.Based on the method of literature search,this paper compares the mechanical and kinematic loading input curves carried out by Chinese scholars in recent years,standard curves,and Chinese measurement curves of two typical movements of gait.Data of vitro simulator test and computational simulation model are compared,summarized,and analyzed.The results show that the measured data of motion and load cannot be directly used as the loading conditions for the simulator wear test and computational simulation.The mechanics and kinematics data of Chinese people are different from the international standards.The domestic artificial knee joint in vitro simulator wear test methods are similar but the results of different test institutions are somewhat different.The computation wear prediction research is basically synchronized with foreign countries,but the problem that the calculated wear results are lower than that in vitro test is still unsolved.The artificial knee joint wear performance evaluation system based on Chinese knee joint mechanics and kinematics data is the forward direction of the research.