畜禽粪便中氮磷及抗生素的高效检测方法研究进展

Research advances in highly-efficient detection methods for nitrogen,phosphorus and antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure

本文对目前粪便中氮磷和抗生素的常规检测方法和前沿检测技术进行了介绍,讨论了这些方法的技术瓶颈和未来研究方向,并得出以下结论:1)粪便样品的常规检测方法具有准确度高、灵敏度好的特点,但需要在专业实验室进行或需要使用大型仪器,难以满足原位快速检测或在线监测的需要,因此粪便中氮磷、抗生素检测新技术的研究十分必要;2)粪便中的氮磷、抗生素等成分可通过前处理方法提取,再结合简单、便捷的电化学法、荧光法等对其进行检测,以实现快速、原位分析或在线监测;3)粪便中污染物的高效检测技术在未来的发展空间和需求较大,将电化学法、荧光法等应用于粪便中氮磷、抗生素的检测需要持续深入的基础研究和技术创新.

In this article,conventional detection methods and emerging detection techniques for nitrogen,phosphorus,and antibiotics in feces have been systematically reviewed to identify the bottlenecks and future research directions.For the conventional feces detection methods,they are of high accuracy and sensitivity,but often carried out in professional laboratories or require the use of large instruments.It is quite challenging to meet the need of rapid detection in in-situ or online monitoring situations.Therefore,new detection technologies for nitrogen,phosphorus,and antibiotics in feces are highly needed.Nitrogen,phosphorus,and antibiotics in feces can be extracted by pretreatment,and then be analyzed with simple and convenient electrochemical or fluorescence methods to achieve rapid measures in in-situ analysis or online monitoring settings.Given current technologies,highly efficient detection technologies for pollutants in feces have great potentials and demand in the future.The applications of electrochemical and fluorescence methods in nitrogen,phosphorus,and antibiotics detection in feces need continuous support in fundamental research and technological innovations.