生物油金属水热原位加氢提质技术研究进展

Research progress of bio-oil metal hydrothermal in-situ hydrogenation technology

水热液化技术可以将秸秆等木质纤维素类生物质转化为生物油,生物油提质可制备液体燃料和高附加值化学品。但生物油成分复杂,研发适宜的提质方法与工艺是当前的热点。金属水热原位加氢提质是一种新兴生物油提质技术,具有原料适应性广、成本低和效率高等优势,受到国内外广泛关注。本文从木质纤维素类生物质水热加氢提质原理、金属水热原位加氢最新研究进展及相关数值模拟方法三方面进行了综述,在此基础上指出目前该技术存在的主要问题,并指明未来研究方向。目前金属水热原位加氢提质过程活性氢和氢气作用机制尚不明晰;明确加氢催化剂与金属/金属氧化物的相互作用是制备高效加氢催化剂的关键;集总动力学和分子模拟等方法是金属水热原位加氢提质技术在理论计算领域未来的发展方向,有待进行深入研究。

Hydrothermal liquefaction technology can convert lignocellulosic biomass such as straws into bio-oil,and it can be upgraded to produce liquid fuels and high value-added chemicals.But it is accompanied by inherent drawbacks,such as high oxygen content and high viscosity.Thus,it is crucial to develop upgrading method which can be suitable for bio-oils with variable composition.In recent years,the facile method for bio-oil upgrading by zero-valent metals(Al,Fe,Mg and Zn)as an international burgeoning technology is proposed,that has superiority in material adaptability,cost and efficiency.In this paper,the principle,classification and research progress of insitu hydrogenation of bio-oils by metal hydrolysis are systematically reviewed.Combined with the numerical simulation method,the main problems of in-situ hydrogenation of bio-oils by metal hydrolysis are analyzed and the research directions are proposed.The role of active hydrogen and hydrogen gas in bio-oil in-situ hydrodeoxygenation upgrading is still not clear.The successful cooperation of hydrogenation catalyst and metal/metallic oxide plays an important role in in-situ hydrodeoxygenation upgrading process.The mechanism of hydrothermal liquefaction and upgrading should be further investigated by theoretical calculations,such as lumping kinetics and molecular simulation.