尾随半挂车队列行进的轿车燃油经济性研究

Research on fuel economy of car trailing semitrailer in platoon

为了精确研究队列中汽车的燃油消耗情况,以一辆轿车尾随一辆半挂车为例,对轿车队列尾随过程进行数值模拟,得到尾随过程中轿车的气动阻力系数.建立轿车散热器-风扇一维散热模型,得到轿车风扇的功率,利用汽车行驶方程,推导得到基于气动阻力系数及风扇功率的车辆净燃油节省率公式,研究队列中尾随轿车的燃油经济性.结果表明:发动机舱散热对尾随轿车的燃油消耗有一定影响,且间距越大影响越大;轿车的净燃油节省率随车间距的增大而减小,在间距为0.5至1.0倍轿车车长内时,轿车的净燃油节省率对间距变化最敏感.

A car trailing a semitrailer was taken to research on the fuel consumption of the vehicles in platoon more accurately.The aerodynamic drag coefficient of the car in the trailing process was obtained by numerical simulation.By building the one-dimensional model of radiator and fan to simulate the heat dissipation of the car,the power of the fan was obtained.The formula of vehicle net fuel saving rate based on aerodynamic drag coefficient and fan power was derived by using vehicle driving equation,and the fuel economy of the trailing car was calculated and analyzed.Results show that the engine compartment heat dissipation has an effect on the fuel consumption of the trailing car in platoon,and the effect increases with the increase of the distance between the car and the semitrailer.The net fuel consumption reduction ratio of the trailing car decreases with the increase of the distance between two vehicles.When the distance is 0.5 to 1.0 times the length of car,the net fuel consumption reduction ratio of the car is most sensitive to the change of distance.