辽金契丹女真婚姻制度研究综述

A Review on the Marriage System of Jurchen Khitan in Liao Jin

目前学界对于辽金契丹女真婚姻制度的研究取得了丰硕的成果,主要集中在世婚制、族际婚、“收继婚”等方面,且在部分问题上达成共识,其中在契丹婚姻形态与女真“收继婚”的表现形式上还存有争议。“同姓不婚”是汉族及诸多少数民族所共同遵循的通婚原则,这种原则基于伦理道德的规范与统治者的政治需要,从古至今被广泛认同。契丹族正是借以“同姓不婚”的政治作用,通过联姻手段巩固自身实力。世婚制的确立,是对皇族与后族世代联姻的一种约束,这种婚制的特点并非一成不变,随着辽金统治者对传统旧制的挑战,世婚制习惯法也逐渐被破坏。文章将从以上几点,就目前学界关于辽金时期契丹女真两族婚姻制度的研究成果加以介绍。

At present,the academic circle has made fruitful achievements in the research on the marriage system of the khitan nuzhen in Liaojin,which mainly focuses on the aspects of the marriage system,inter-clan marriage,“remarriage”and so on.“The same family name and no marriage”is the principle of intermarriage followed by the Han nationality and many minority nationalities.This principle is based on the ethical and moral norms and the political needs of rulers,and has been widely recognized since ancient times.The khitan people strengthened their own strength by means of marriage through the political function of“the same family name and no marriage”.The establishment of the marriage system was a constraint on the marriage between the royal family and the later generations.The characteristics of this marriage system were not invariable.With the challenge of the rulers of liaojin to the traditional old system,the common law of the marriage system was gradually destroyed.From the above points,this paper will introduce the research results of the marriage system of the khitan nuzhen people in the liao and jin dynasties.