党的八大对中国道路的探索及对改革开放的重要影响

The Exploration of China’s Road by the 8th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and its Important Influence on Reform and Opening up

党的八大对中国道路的探索具有开创性,是党从中国具体国情出发,进行改革,走中国式社会主义建设道路的先声,党的八大路线的中断也意味着中共八大探索中国道路的“蓝图”遇到挫折。学界对党的八大正确路线的中断有“毛泽东失误说”“八大自身局限说”“准备不足说”“党内国内国际环境说”等。从党探索社会主义道路的视角看,党的八大对中国道路的设计无疑是符合发展实际的,但在执行过程中并没有按照党的八大设定的目标完成思维模式、实践方法和发展路径的完全转换,由此导致党的八大路线的中断。党的十一届三中全会作出的伟大决策,既是对党的八大路线的继承和超越,也是对党的八大探索中国发展道路的创新与发展。中国道路的探索是一个前赴后继的过程,党的八大路线的中断及此后党探索中国道路遭遇的挫折,既为改革开放提供了经验与教训,也为改革开放的开启奠定了基础、准备了条件,并决定了党领导人民走中国特色社会主义道路的基本路径和前进方向。

The 8th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)had explored a pioneering China’s path.It is the first signal for the Party to proceed from China’s specific national conditions,carry out the reform,and take the path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.The disruption of the 8th Party Congress line meant that the“blueprints”for exploring China’s path had encountered setbacks.The academic circles on the interruption of the correct line of the 8th Party Congress include“MAO Zedong’s error theory”,“the limitation theory of the 8th Party Congress”,“the insufficient preparation theory”,“the internal and international environment theory within the Party”and so on.Based on the exploration of the socialist road by the Party,the design of China’s path at the 8th Party Congress was undoubtedly in line with the actual development.However,in the process of implementation,the thinking mode,practical method and development path had not been completely transformed according to the goal,thus led to the disruption of the 8th Party Congress line.The great decision made at the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CPC,which was not only the inheritance and transcendence of the 8th Party Congress line,but also the innovation and development.The exploration of China’s path is a progressive process.The interruption of the 8th Party Congress line and the subsequent setbacks in the Party’s exploration,not just provided experience and lessons for the reform and opening up,but laid the foundation and prepared the conditions.Besides,it determined the basic path and direction for the Party to“take a path of its own and build socialism with Chinese”.