中国烧创伤女医师工作态度与离职意愿的相关因素分析

Analysis related factors of burns and trauma women doctors′work attitude and turnover intention in China

目的了解烧创伤女医师的职业现状、工作态度和离职意愿,分析基本情况、工作方向、工作强度、工作与生活的平衡情况和身体健康状况等对工作态度和离职意愿的影响,揭示烧创伤女医师职业因素对工作态度和离职意愿的重要性,为我国烧创伤女医师工作体制的完善提供参考意见。方法由中国女医师协会烧创伤专业委员会组织开展全国性烧创伤女医师问卷调查,2019年10月12日至2019年11月28日采集187名中国烧创伤女医师的基本情况、工作方向、工作强度、工作与生活的平衡情况、身体健康状况、工作态度及离职意愿等资料。对中国烧创伤女医师的职业情况进行描述性分析,同时对影响工作态度和离职意愿的因素进行单因素和多因素回归分析,确定工作态度和离职意愿的影响因素。结果调查显示187名中国烧创伤女医师多就职于三级甲等医院(82.89%),分布于27个省、直辖市、自治区,华东地区占比最大(29.41%),学位以硕士(48.66%)为主,工作年限大多在15年内(63.60%),多数人(66.31%)每周工作超50 h,夜班每月5~6次的人最多(31.02%),收入从3000~12000元不等,体检异常(37.43%)和患有睡眠障碍(49.73%)的比例较大。烧创伤女医师群体中工作态度热情的不多(42.25%),34.22%的人有离职或跳槽的想法,促使她们离开的原因主要是工作强度大、收入待遇低、身体情况不佳、前途渺茫。单因素Logistic回归分析发现每周工作时间、每月值夜班次数、月收入、是否存在睡眠障碍、家人是否支持这些因素对烧创伤女医师的工作态度有影响,年龄、学位、职称、工作年限、每周工作时间、每月值夜班次数、月收入、有无时间锻炼和家人是否支持都对离职意向有影响。在多因素Logistic回归分析对于工作态度仍有影响的因素是睡眠障碍,而消除其他因素的干扰后对于离职意愿仍有影响的因素仅有学位。结论烧创伤女医师主要就职于三级甲等医院,在全国各地区分布较为均衡,工作年限大多在15年内,多数人工作强度大,身体情况差且多伴有睡眠障碍。在烧创伤女医师中工作态度消极(包括“按部就班、论资排辈”和“消极怠工,得过且过”)的占比为57.75%,与工作态度相关的因素是睡眠障碍。34.22%的人有离职或跳槽的想法,与其相关的因素是学位。

Objective To understand the status quo,work attitude,and turnover intention of burns and trauma women doctors,analyze the influence of basic situation,work direction,work intensity,work-life balance and physical health on the work attitude and turnover intention,and reveal the importance of the burns and trauma women doctors′occupational factors to work attitude and turnover intention,which will provide a reference for the improvement of the work system of burns and trauma women doctors in china.Methods A national questionnaire survey of burns and trauma women doctors was organized by the Burns Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Women′s Association.From October 12,2019 to November 28,2019,the basic information,work direction,work intensity,work-life balance,physical health,work attitude and turnover intention of 187 burns and trauma women doctors were collected.A descriptive analysis of the occupational status of burns and trauma women doctors in China was carried out.At the same time,univariate and multivariate regression analysis of factors affecting work attitude and turnover intention were carried out to find the risk factors.Results The survey shows that most of the 187 Chinese burns and trauma women doctors work in tertiary hospitals(82.89%)and are distributed in 27 provinces,municipalities,autonomous regions.Eastern area of China accounts for the largest proportion(29.41%),with master′s degree(48.66%)as the main degree.The working years are mostly within 15 years(63.60%),most people(66.31%)work more than 50h a week,work 5-6 times a month was the common frequency of night shifts(31.02%),and their income ranges from 3,000 to 12,000 yuan.The proportion of abnormal physical examination(37.43%)and sleep disorders(49.73%)is large.There are not many burns and trauma women doctors(42.25%)with a enthusiastic work attitude,and 34.22%of them have the idea of resign.The main reasons for them to leave are over-high work intensity,low income,poor health,and poor development of career.Univariate logistics regression analysis found that weekly working hours,monthly night shifts,monthly income,sleep disorder,family members support have impact on the work attitude,and age,degree,title,working years,weekly working hours,monthly night shifts,monthly income,exercise,and family members support have impact on the turnover intention.In the multivariate logistics regression analysis,the factor that still affect work attitudes is sleep disorders.After eliminating the interference of other factors,the only factor that still affects the turnover intention is the degree.Conclusion Burns and trauma women doctors are mainly employed in tertiary hospitals.They are distributed in various regions of the country.The working life of them is mostly within 15 years.Most of them have high work intensity,poor physical condition and sleep disorders.Among burns and trauma women doctors,the proportion of negative work attitudes accounted for 57.75%.The factor related to work attitude was sleep disorders.34.22%of people have the idea of resign,and the related factor is their degree.