援鄂医护人员急性应激反应的潜在剖面分析

Latent profile analysis of acute stress response of the medics aiding Hubei province

目的对援鄂医护人员急性应激反应进行潜在剖面分析并探讨不同类别间人口学特征的差异。方法采用随机抽样方法选取山东、北京、福建、湖南、重庆及河南等6地区参与援鄂的医护人员627名。采用一般资料调查表、斯坦福急性应激反应量表对相关医护人员应激反应进行横断面调查,对结果进行潜在剖面分析,并探讨不同类别间人口学特征的差异。结果 627名援鄂医护人员分可为高急性应激反应(8.13%),中急性应激反应(30.62%)及低急性应激反应(61.24%)3个潜在类别。危险因素包括女性(OR=1.742)、援鄂一线医护人员(OR=3.228)、近期到过疫区(OR=2.206)、自我感觉疫情持续半年以上(OR=5.786)、年龄>60岁(OR=8.837)、援鄂一线医护人员(OR=24.315)、担心自己周围人感染的可能性(OR=13.843),均P<0.05;保护性因素为家中有医护人员(OR=0.579)、自己感染可能性比较大(OR=0.181)及感染可能性有一些(OR=0.266),均P<0.05。结论援鄂医护人员急性应激反应可分为3类,护理管理者及专业心理人员可根据其不同人口学特征实施个体化心理干预以激减轻其急性应激反应,防止过渡为急性应激障碍或创伤后应激障碍。

Objective To analyze the classification of acute stress response of medical staff aiding Hubei province,and to explore the differences of demographic characteristics among each category.Methods A total of 627 front-line medical staff from Shandong,Fujian,Hunan,Chongqing,Henan province and Beijing were selected by random sampling.The general data questionnaire and Stanford Acute Stress Response Scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey on the stress response of the cases,the latent profile of the results was analyzed,and the differences of demographic characteristics among each category were discussed.Results The 627 cases were categorized into"high acute stress response"(8.13%),"medium acute stress response"(30.62%)and"low acute stress response"(61.24%).The risk factors included female(OR=1.742),frontline medical staff(OR=3.228),a recent visit to the epidemic-hit area(OR=2.206),feeling that the epidemic lasted for over half a year(OR=5.786),age over 60 years old(OR=8.837),frontline medical staff(OR=24.315)and anxious about people around would get infected(OR=13.843),all P<0.05.The protective factors were the presence of medical staff at home(OR=0.579),the high possibility of self-infection(OR=0.181)and the possibility of self-infection(OR=0.266),all P<0.05.Conclusion The acute stress response of the medics aiding Hubei province can be divided into three types.Nursing practitioners and professional psychologists can carry out individual psychological intervention based on the different demographic characteristics to reduce their acute stress response and prevent the transition to acute stress disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder.