施氮量对滴灌冬小麦不同穗位籽粒灌浆特性的影响

Effect of nitrogen application amount on grain filling characteristics of winter wheat at different panicle positions under drip irrigation

为了解施氮量对滴灌冬小麦不同穗位籽粒灌浆特性的影响,以新冬22号和新冬43号为供试材料,采用逻辑斯谛(Logistic)方程对5种施氮量(折纯,0、150、300、450、600 kg·hm-2,分别记为N 0、N 1、N 2、N 3、N 4)处理下2种冬小麦不同穗位的籽粒灌浆过程进行拟合。结果表明:滴灌冬小麦穗部粒重具有近中优势,快增期与缓增期籽粒灌浆参数易受施氮量影响的穗位存在品种间差异。新冬22号和新冬43号的最优施氮量分别为450 kg·hm-2和300 kg·hm-2,该施氮量能有效提高中部和下部穗位籽粒千粒重的增重速度,增加上、中、下3个穗位籽粒的粒重,并延长灌浆持续天数,充分发挥其产量潜力。

In order to explore the effects of nitrogen application on grain filling characteristics of winter wheat under drip irrigation at different panicle positions,Xindong22 and Xindong43 were used as test materials.The grain filling process of winter wheat was fitted by using Logistic equation under five nitrogen application amount(0,150,300,450,600 kg·hm-2,denoted as N 0,N 1,N 2,N 3,N 4,respectively).It was shown that under drip irrigation,the grains in the central part of panicles showed advantages in weight.The grain filling parameters in the fast-increasing period and the slow-increasing period varied under different nitrogen application amount for different wheat cultivars.The optimal nitrogen application amount for Xindong22 and Xindong43 was 450 kg·hm-2 and 300 kg·hm-2,respectively.Under these treatments,the grain weight in the upper,middle and lower part of panicle was increased,and the duration of grain filling was extended,so that the yield potential could be realized.