聚丙烯酰胺与植物联合抑尘效果的试验研究

Experimental Study on the Combined Effect of Polyacrylamide and Plant on Dust Control

如今颗粒物是我国大气环境污染的首要污染物之一,而土壤扬尘是大气颗粒物的主要来源,已经严重影响到大气质量及人们的生存环境,而聚丙烯酰胺不仅能促进植物生长,还能使土壤颗粒和孔隙结构保持稳定,控制土壤扬尘,因此通过聚丙烯酰胺与植物联合作用控制土壤扬尘排放对提升城市环境大气质量具有重要意义。本文在基于现有文献数据的基础上,以四川彭州市附近农田边裸露土壤为研究对象进行人工模拟对照试验,探讨了聚丙烯酰胺不同用量下与植物联合作用对抑尘效果的影响,以期为土壤扬尘污染的控制提供科学依据。研究表明:PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的排放浓度随着聚丙烯酰胺的浓度增加而增加,随植被覆盖度的增加而减小。与植被覆盖作用相比,聚丙烯酰胺和植被覆盖的同时作用能更好的降低PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)排放浓度,PM_(2.5)浓度较之前平均下降了32.9%,PM_(10)浓度较之前相比平均下降了37.1%。通过对比实验数据可知,聚丙烯酰胺浓度在20 g/m^(2)到25 g/m^(2)时,整体抑尘效果最好,在施工7天时,PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)浓度平均下降了63.4%和77.9%,在施工1个月时,PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)浓度平均下降了和43.8%和56.3%。实验结论为利用聚丙烯酰胺和植物联合作用可以显著降低各时间段的土壤扬尘含量,为科学的治理土壤扬尘提供了理论参考。

Nowadays,particulate matter is one of the primary pollutants of air pollution in our country,and soil dust is the main source of air particulate matter,which has seriously affected the air quality and people's living environment.Polyacrylamide can not only promote plant growth,but also make the soil particles and pore structure remain stable to control soil dust.Therefore,the combined action of polyacrylamide and plants to control soil dust emission is of great significance for improving the air quality of urban environment.Based on the existing literature data,this paper took the bare soil near the farmland of Pengzhou City,Sichuan Province as the research object to conduct artificial simulation control experiments to explore the influence of the combined action of polyacrylamide with plants on the dust inhibition effect under different dosages of polyacrylamide,in order to provide a scientific basis for the control of soil dust pollution.The results showed that the emission concentration of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) increased with the increase of polyacrylamide concentration,and decreased with the increase of vegetation coverage.Compared with the effect of vegetation coverage,the combined effect of polyacrylamide and vegetation coverage can better reduce PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) emission concentration,PM_(2.5) concentration is 32.9%lower than before,PM_(10) concentration is 37.1%lower than before.By comparing the experimental data,it can be seen that when the concentration of polyacrylamide is between 20 g/m^(2) and 25 g/m^(2),the overall dust inhibition effect is the best.After 7 days of construction,the concentration of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) decreased by 63.4%and 77.9%on average,and after 1 month of construction,the concentration of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) decreases by 43.8%and 56.3%on average.The experimental conclusion is that the combined action of polyacrylamide and plants can significantly reduce the content of soil dust in each time period,and provide a theoretical reference for scientifically controlling soil dust.