胃癌患者围手术期症状群的纵向研究

The longitudinal study of symptom clusters in gastric cancer patients during the perioperative period

目的明确胃癌患者围手术期所经历症状群的种类、构成及动态变化,为有效实施症状管理提供参考依据。方法采用一般资料调查问卷和安德森消化道癌症症状评估量表对109例胃癌患者于手术前1 d(T1)、手术后3 d(T2)和手术后7 d(T3)3个时间点进行纵向调查,通过探索性因子分析确定症状群。结果T2时症状数量、发生率以及严重程度均处于较高水平。探索性因子分析发现3个症状群能量不足症状群、心理症状群和消化道症状群。结论胃癌患者围手术期经历的多个症状可聚集为症状群。医护人员开展胃癌患者围手术期症状管理时应加强术后症状关注并以症状群为干预单位,以提高患者生活质量。

Objective To identify types,constitution and changes of symptom clusters in gastric cancer patients during the perioperative period,so as to lay foundation for symptom management.Methods The longitudinal study administered the general situation questionnaire and the M.D.Anderson Symptom Inventory Gastrointestinal Cancer Module to 109 gastric cancer patients.Data were collected one day before(Time 1,T1),three days(Time 2,T2)and seven days(Time 3,T3)after surgery.Then adopted exploratory factor analysis to identify symptom clusters.Results The number,occurrence and severity of symptoms were at a high level at T2.Three distinct symptom clusters were identified:energy deficiency cluster,psychological cluster and gastrointestinal cluster.Conclusion The multiple symptoms gastric cancer patients experienced can be grouped into symptom clusters during the perioperative period.Medical staff should pay more attention to postoperative symptoms and view a symptom cluster as a unit in the implementation of perioperative symptom management,in order to improve the quality of life of the patients.