美国“印太”战略下的美印战略伙伴关系解构

The U.S.-India Strategic Partnership under U.S. “Indo-Pacific” Strategy

美国“印太”战略的深入践履推动美印关系迅速升温,使得美印战略伙伴关系不断得到加强。鉴于美国在美印关系中拥有的优势,美国对印度的战略认知在很大程度上影响着两国战略伙伴关系的发展前景。目前,美印战略伙伴关系的加强缘于美国在地区“战略愿景”实践、地区安全目标实现以及“平衡”中国地区影响力等方面希望印度能发挥更大作用,进而促进两国在防务安全、经贸、政治互信、核能以及反恐等领域的合作关系。然而,美印两国在防务安全领域存在分歧,对“印太”战略的认知也不同,加之印度对自身地缘战略利益的关切以及对“美国优先”政策的疑虑等因素,制约着美印战略伙伴关系的深入发展。美印两国解决双边分歧的决心与毅力以及印度的战略屈从是否能满足美国的需要,不仅影响着美国“印太”战略的成效,更影响着美印战略伙伴关系发展的深度与向度。

The in-depth implementation of U.S.“Indo-Pacific”strategy has rapidly heated up U.S.-India relations,which has continuously strengthened the U.S.-India strategic partnership.In view of the advantages that the U.S.has in U.S.-India relations,the U.S.strategic perception of India has greatly affected the prospects of U.S.“Indo-Pacific”strategy.At present,the strengthening of the U.S.-India strategic partnership is due to the hope that India can play a greater role in the practice of U.S.regional“strategic vision”,achieving regional security goals,and“balancing”China’s regional influence,thereby continuously promoting defense security cooperation,economic and trade cooperation,political mutual trust,nuclear energy cooperation,and counter-terrorism cooperation etc.However,the following factors restrict U.S.-India strategic partnership,including differences in their defense security cooperation,different perceptions of the“Indo-Pacific”strategy,India’s concerns about its geostrategic interests,and India’s doubts about the“America First”policy.The determination and perseverance of the two nations in resolving bilateral differences and whether India’s strategic obedience meets the needs of the U.S.not only affect the effectiveness of U.S.“Indo-Pacific”strategy,but also affect the depth and dimension of U.S.-India strategic partnership.