基于知信行模式的健康教育对急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后康复的效果评价

Rehabilitation effectiveness evaluation of knowledge attitude practice model based health education on patients with acute mycoardial infarction after PCI

〔目的〕探讨基于知信行模式的健康教育对急性心肌梗死患者行PCI术后的康复效果。〔方法〕选取2019年2月至2019年5月在河南省某三级甲等医院心内科收治的84例急性心肌梗死行PCI治疗的患者,随机分为对照组和干预组。对照组纳入41例,采取常规心内科护理;干预组纳入43例,干预组采用基于知信行模式的健康教育。比较干预前、干预后1、3、6 mon两组患者的急性心肌梗死知信行量表得分、SF?36生活质量得分、焦虑得分、抑郁量表得分及LDL?C值、空腹血糖值、6 min步行试验距离等。〔结果〕干预后6 mon,干预组患者急性心肌梗死知信行量表得分为(50.26±1.81)分,高于对照组(40.66±2.25)得分,P<0.01;干预组患者生活质量量表(SF?36)得分高于对照组得分,P<0.01;干预组患者焦虑、抑郁量表得分低于对照组得分,P<0.01;干预组空腹血糖值、LDL?C值、6 min步行试验距离长度较对照组差异有统计学意义,P<0.01。〔结论〕基于知信行模式的健康教育对急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后康复效果良好,加强对患者的健康教育,可以有效提高患者对疾病危险因素的控制水平及参与康复运动的依从性,改善患者预后。

[Objective]To investigate the effect of health education based on the mode of knowledge,faith and practice on the rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI.[Methods] By convenient sampling,Inpatients with AMI after PCI recruited from department of cardiology,a anonymous tertiary hospital in Henan province between February,2019 and May,2019.According to the number in the envelope extracted by patients,the singular number was the control group,and the even number was the intervention group.Finally 41 subjects were classified into the control group and 43 subjects were included in the intervention group.84 confirmed cases of AMI under stable condition after PCI treatment were provided with a scale to assess subjects’ knowledge of their disease,life quality and psychological conditions etc.Through comparison between intervention group guided by KAP model,and control group with traditional intervention scheme,their improvement on KAP level,quality of life,psychological condition,and health behavior were observed after 1 month,3 months and 6 months respectively.[Results]Six months after the intervention,the score of acute myocardial infarction knowledge and behavior scale in the intervention group was(50.26±1.81) points,higher than that in the control group(40.66±2.25) points(P<0.01).The score of quality of life scale(SF-36) in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).The scores of anxiety and depression scales in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in fasting glucose,LDL-C and 6-minute walking distance between the intervention group and the control group(P <0.01).[Conclusion] Health education based on the mode of knowledge,trust and practice has a good effect on the rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI.Strengthening health education for patients can effectively improve the control level of disease risk factors and the compliance of patients participating in rehabilitation activities,and improve the prognosis of patients.