快速路车路协同场景交通流运行效率仿真评价

A Simulation Evaluation of Traffic Flow Efficiency of Urban Expressways under Cooperative Vehicle-infrastructure Scenarios

为研究车路协同系统在不同车间信息交互水平下对快速路交通流的影响,采集并提取北京市四方桥快速路段早高峰交通流轨迹,同时分析车路协同场景下快速路车辆运行特征,实现对常规驾驶场景和信息交互场景的车辆行驶模型标定。选取期望速度行驶车辆占比、横向车距收缩比、纵向车距收缩比、通行能力拓展比对车辆运行效率进行评价,提出车辆横向偏移距离缩小比用以评价车辆空间占用状况;搭建仿真模型并进行仿真试验,分析不同信息交互水平对交通的影响程度。结果显示,车辆运行效率随信息交互水平的提升而提升,其中通行能力的提升幅度最为显著,车路协同场景下信息交互水平从4级提高到1级,道路通行能力较常规驾驶场景分别拓展了19.42%,28.06%,46.48%,74.62%,仿真时段内其余指标值提升幅度较小。车间信息交互场景下车辆行驶的横向偏移幅度缩小,且在高水平信息交互下缩小比例达到17.33%,表明相同车道宽度下车辆行驶的横向安全性提升。

This paper collects and extracts vehicle trajectory data on the road section of Sifang Bridge in Beijing dur⁃ing the morning peak hour to study impacts of the cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system(CVIS)on expressways under different levels of information interaction between vehicles.Driving behaviors of vehicles are analyzed under the vehicle-road collaboration scenario to calibrate parameters of the conventional driving scenes and information interac⁃tion scenes for driving models.The ratios of vehicles running at desired speed,transverse vehicle distance contrac⁃tion,longitudinal vehicle distance contraction,and traffic capacity expansion are selected to evaluate operating effi⁃ciency of the vehicles,and the ratio of vehicle lateral offset distance reduction is selected as an index to evaluate space occupancy rate in the vehicle-road collaboration scenario.A simulation model is developed to analyze the im⁃pacts of different levels of information interaction on traffic flow.The results show that vehicle operation efficiency in⁃creases with an improved level of information interaction,and improvement of road capacity is the most significant.When the level of information interaction increased from level 4 to level 1,the traffic capacity is expanded by 19.42%,28.06%,46.48%,and 74.62%,respectively,and the rest of the index values are slightly improved during the simulation period.The vehicle lateral offset distance under the information interaction scenario is reduced,and the reduction ration is 17.33%under the scenario of level 1 information interaction.It indicating that the lateral safety of the vehicle under the same lane width is improved.