汉译佛经之“四大病”辨识

On the"Four Major Diseases"in Chinese Translation of Buddhist Scriptures

佛教医学博大精深,蕴含丰富的人文医学和生物医学思想理论及医疗实践经验,在长期的流传过程中逐步形成了相对完整而非独立的诊疗体系。在古印度“四大”哲学思想和佛教基本义理以及佛教医学“四大说”根本理论的指导下,以佛教所谓众生“四大病”为研究对象,以“四大”“四大病”“四大不调”为关键词,以汉译佛经为主要研究范围,参考中国传统医学和现代相关研究,针对性地研覆了“四大不调”之缘起,进而对相关“四大病”之病因病机、病相病处与疾病分类等相关内容加以相对系统的整理和诠释,冀期为该领域深入研究积累素材。

Buddhist medicine is very rich and profound in content,humanistic and biomedical theories and medical practice,and has gradually formed a relatively complete but dependent diagnosis and treatment system when it passes from generation to generation.Under the guidance of the"Four Great Elements"philosophy of ancient India,the basic principles of Buddhism and the"Four Great Elements Theories"of Buddhist medicine,this paper takes the so-called"Four Major Diseases"of all sentient beings as the research objects,and takes the"Four Great Elements","Four Major Diseases"and"Four Great Elements Incoordinations"as the key words.The Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures is the main research scope.Relevant contents of Chinese Traditional Medicine and modern research are referred to.This paper focuses on the origin of the"Four Great Elements Incoordinations",and then systematically arranges and interprets the etiology and pathogenesis,disease phase and disease classification of the"Four Major Diseases of Buddhism",hoping to accumulate materials for further research in this field.