见义勇为的工伤认定标准——从指导案例94号切入

On Work Injury Identification Standards for Injury from the Act of Bravery:Based on the Guiding Case No.94

理论和实践中对见义勇为致伤能否纳入工伤争议不断,最高法指导案例94号明确了单位职工因制止违法犯罪行为受伤应视为工伤。但是,见义勇为工伤认定与视为工伤认定之间的关系仍需进一步厘清,前者在"三工原则"上均存在特殊性。因此,在中国工伤制度下,理应进一步从单位职工、用人单位以及工伤保险行政部门三个方面来审视见义勇为工伤认定的必要性。因而,职工见义勇为,以维护公共利益为目的,积极制止违法犯罪行为而受伤应当视同工伤,进而完善见义勇为者权益保障的社会救济机制,此举将收到良好的社会效果。

In theory and practice,there are many disputes over whether injury caused by the suppression of criminal activities should be included in work-related injuries. The supreme law of the People’s Republic of China guiding case No. 94 makes it clear that injury from the act of voluntary bravery should be treated the same as work injury. However,it is still necessary to further clarify the relationship between the affirmation of voluntary felon-fighting and the recognition of industrial injury. The former has its particularity in the " Three Work-related Principles". Therefore,under the industrial injury system of China,there is a necessity to deem injury caused by voluntary felon-fighting as work injury from three perspectives: the employees,the employers and the administrative departments of work injury insurance. Injury suffered by employees who stops illegal or criminal acts for the purpose of safeguarding public interests should be regarded as work injury,so that the social relief mechanism for the protection of voluntary felon-fighter’s rights and interests can be enhanced.