家庭农场对农民收入的影响——基于省际数据的估计

The Impact of Family Farms on Farmers’ Income:An Estimation Based on Inter-provincial Data

自2013年中央一号文件提出"家庭农场"以来,家庭农场对于提高农民家庭经营收入的作用成为理论界的共识。将家庭农场发展对农民收入的影响作为研究问题,从而为促进家庭农场的发展寻求方向。基于我国30个省(自治区、直辖市)的面板数据,构建了家庭农场发展对农民收入的影响模型。通过使用静态面板模型发现农场主受教育水平、农场规模经营年限、政府补贴、工商登记、拥有农机具价值、农业保费支出均会提高农民收入,而较完整收支记录并不一定影响农民收入,并对不同经济地区进行差异性分析。采用两步系统GMM模型检验内生性并回归系数结果,得到与主模型一致的结论。据此,应从家庭农场工商登记、财政补贴及农业保险、规模经营、人才、技术支持制度方面进行完善,从而提高农民收入。

Since "family farm" was put forward in the central document No.1 in 2013,the role of family farm in raising farmers’ household income has become a consensus in the theoretical field.The impact of the development of family farms on farmers’ income will be taken as a research issue,so as to seek the direction for promoting the development of family farms.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces(municipalities directly under the central government and autonomous regions) in China,this paper constructs a model of the impact of family farm development on farmers’ income.Firstly,the static panel model was used to find that the farmer’s education level,the length of the farm,government subsidies,business registration,the value of owning farm machinery,and the expenditure of agricultural insurance premium would all increase the farmer’s income,the more complete record of income and expenditure does not necessarily affect the income of farmers and different economic regions for the analysis of differences.The two-step system GMM model is used to test the endogenesis and the result of regression coefficient is consistent with the main model.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the system of industrial and Commercial Registration,financial subsidy,agricultural insurance,scale management,talents and technical support so as to increase farmers’ income.