解法典化:刑法“单轨制”向“双轨制”的嬗变——以附属刑法为研究视阈

Relieving Canonization:The Transformation of Criminal Law from“Single Track System”to“Double Track System”--From the Perspective of Subsidiary Criminal Law

我国当前采用单轨制立法模式,由刑法典单独规制犯罪。该模式存在罪责刑相割裂、刑法规范滞后和适法错误等问题。将单轨制立法模式转化为双轨制立法模式,是契合刑法教义学解释之需、维护刑法安定性之需、及时出入罪之需以及行为规制之需。因此,双轨制立法模式的具体构想为:以刑法典为核心,明确双轨制各规范之间的关系;制定附属刑法中的刑事规范,形成双向联动机制;将空白罪状转化为叙明罪状或者在附属刑法中规定独立的法定刑。

At present,China adopts the legislative mode of single track system,and the criminal code regulates crimes separately.There are some problems in this mode,such as the separation of responsibility and punishment,the lag of criminal norms and the error of law.It is necessary to transform the single track legislative model into the dual track legislative model,which is in line with the needs of the interpretation of criminal law doctrines,the need of maintaining the stability of criminal law,the need of timely access to crime and the need of behavior regulation.Therefore,the specific ideas of the dual track legislative model are:with the criminal code as the core,the relationship between the norms of the dual track system should be clarified;the criminal norms in the subsidiary criminal law should be formulated to form a two-way linkage mechanism;the blank crime should be transformed into the description of the crime or the independent statutory punishment should be stipulated in the subsidiary criminal law.