汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童调节功能与眼位的研究

Accommodative function and eye position in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia

目的探讨汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童与正常儿童调节功能与眼位各参数的变化,明确影响汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童视觉效率的关键视觉因素。方法病例对照研究。选取天津市12所小学五年级学生1458名。根据识字量和瑞文智力的测验结果,筛选出98名汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童为试验组,随机选取年龄、性别、瑞文智力与之匹配的98名正常儿童为对照组。对两组儿童进行调节近点、调节幅度、调节灵活度以及眼位的检查,并进行统计学分析。结果两组儿童的双眼调节灵活度、近距离水平眼位差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),而单眼或双眼的调节近点及调节幅度、单眼的调节灵活度、近距离垂直眼位、远距离水平眼位及垂直眼位差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。结论汉语发展性阅读性障碍组儿童的双眼调节灵活度下降,双眼近距离水平眼位偏大,提示这些视觉因素可能是引起汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童视觉效率下降的原因。

Objective To explore the changes in the accommodative function and eye position of Chinese children with developmental dyslexia and its factors.Methods Case-control study was performed on 1458 students in 5-grade from 12 primary schools in Tianjin.According to the test results of the amount of vocabularies and Raven’s intelligence,98 children with developmental dyslexia were selected into the experimental group,and 98 normal children matched by age,gender,and Raven’s intelligence were randomly selected as the control group.The near point of accommodation,amplitude of accommodation,accommodative facility and eye position were measured and statistically analyzed in both groups.Results There were statistically significances in binocular accommodative facility and near horizontal eye position between the two groups(both P<0.05),but there were no statistically significances in binocular or monocular of near point of accommodation and amplitude of accommodation,monocular accommodative facility,near vertical eye position,distance horizontal and vertical eye position(all P>0.05).Conclusion It is found that Chinese children with developmental dyslexia have decreased binocular accommodative facility,and increased binocular near horizontal eye position,which may be the important cause of visual efficiency decline of Chinese children with developmental dyslexia.