BMP4/Smad信号通路的分子机制及其在眼部疾病中的作用

Molecular mechanism of BMP4/Smad signaling pathway and its roles in ocular diseases

骨形成蛋白4(BMP4)通过Smad信号通路向下游传递信号,同时与Wnt/β-catenin、FGF等信号通路相互作用,调节一系列的病理生理活动。BMP4/Smad信号通路对眼具有重要作用。BMP4/Smad信号通路与眼前节、晶状体、视网膜的发育密切相关。同时,BMP4在成熟眼组织中高度表达,意味着BMP4/Smad信号通路与某些眼部疾病的发病机制有关。BMP4/Smad信号通路在维持角膜上皮稳态、视网膜神经的保护及修复方面起一定作用,同时还与青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性、增生型玻璃体视网膜病变等疾病的发生密切相关。本文主要讲述了BMP4/Smad信号通路的分子机制,并详细介绍了BMP4/Smad信号通路在眼发育和一些眼部疾病中的作用。

Bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4)transmits signals to downstream signaling via Smad signaling pathway and can interact with Wnt/β-catenin,FGF and other signaling pathways to regulate a series of physiological and pathological activities.BMP4/Smad signaling pathway plays an important role in eye.It’s closely related to the development of anterior segment,lens,and retina.Meanwhile,BMP4 is highly expressed in adult ocular tissues,suggesting that BMP4/Smad signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of some ocular diseases.BMP4/Smad signaling pathway plays a certain role in maintaining corneal epithelial homeostasis,protecting and repairing retinal nerves,and is also closely related to glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,proliferative vitreoretinopathy and other diseases.In this review,we describe the molecular mechanism of BMP4/Smad signaling pathway and introduce the effects of BMP4/Smad signaling pathway on eye development and ocular diseases.