新疆转Bt基因棉主要性状的配合力和杂种优势分析

Analysis of Combining Ability and Heterosis of Main Traits of Transgenic Bt Cotton in Xinjiang

[目的]新疆是我国最大的棉花种植基地。转Bt基因抗虫棉能有效抵御棉铃虫灾害,其面积在新疆日益扩大。分析新疆自育陆地棉和转Bt基因抗虫棉的配合力和杂种优势可为快速、有效培育出适应新疆的高产、优质抗虫棉奠定基础。[方法]以6个转Bt基因抗虫棉品种(系)和11个不同来源的常规陆地棉品种(系)为亲本,按照11×6的NCⅡ设计组配不完全双列杂交,得到66个杂交组合,分析杂交组合10个主要性状的配合力及遗传效应和杂种优势表现。[结果]同一亲本各性状间和同一性状不同亲本间的一般配合力效应值不同。[结论]母本A7(丰凯2002)和A10(石K14)在皮棉产量、籽棉产量上具有较高的一般配合力效应值,是较好的丰产品种;父本B5(15-80K)和B3(15-52K)在长度、比强度上具有较高的GCA效应值,是较好的品质品种;组合A9×B2(三棉9号×石抗126)、A10×B4(石K14×112-17K)、A11×B2(66-9×石抗126)、A8×B6(H10-2×16-9K)、A9×B1(三棉9号×金惠2号)和A1×B6(FY11×16-9K)具有高产、优质的潜力;竞争优势分析发现籽棉产量、皮棉产量、单铃重、衣分、长度、整齐度和伸长率7个性状的竞争优势均为正向,其中以皮棉产量和籽棉产量的竞争优势最大,分别达到了14.84%和16.46%。

[Objective]Xinjiang is the largest cotton planting region for China’s cotton production.Bt transgenic cotton can effectively resist damage caused by Helicoverpa armigera.The planting area of Bt transgenic cotton is growing in Xinjiang.[Method]Combining ability and heterosis of upland cotton and Bt transgenic cotton of homebred were analyzed,in order to lay a foundation for breeding quickly and effectively,and we could have high yield and high quality insect-resistant cotton varieties which adapted to Xinjiang.As parents from six Bt transgenic cotton varieties(or lines)and eleven upland cotton strains,crosses were made according to NC II design of the incomplete diallel cross(11×6)to analysis the heterosis and combining ability of hybrid.[Result]The significant differences of GCA effect values in same traits among the different parents and also the same parents in different traits were found.[Conclusion]The female parents A7(Fengkai 2002)and A10(ShiK14)were better high-yield varieties,which had higher GCA effect values in lint yield and seed cotton yield.The male parent B5(15-80K)and B3(15-52K)were better quality varieties,which had higher GCA effect values in length and specific strength.The hybrid of A9×B2(Sanmian 9×Shikang 126),A10×B4(ShiK14×112-17K),A11×B2(66-9×Shikang 126),A8×B6(H10-2×16-9K),A9×B1(Sanmian 9×Jinhui 2)and A1×B6(FY11×16-9K)had potentiality of high-yielding and high quality.According to the analysis of competitive advantage,the competitive advantage of 7 traits were positive,such as seed cotton yield,lint yield,single boll weight,lint percentage,fiber length,fiber uniformity and fiber elongation,among which lint yield and seed cotton yield had the largest competitive advantage,which reached 14.84%and 16.46%,respectively.