农业科技精准扶贫中的工作创新与可持续途径——以云南农业大学扶贫为例

Innovation and Sustainability in Targeted Poverty Alleviation by Agricultural Science and Technology—A Case Study of Yunnan Agricultural University on Poverty Alleviation

农业产业精准扶贫是新时期我国扶贫开发的重要战略。云南深度贫困区域多集中在边疆及少数民族地区,是扶贫攻坚的主战场。云南农业大学在对深度贫困区域深入调研的基础上,将农业科技作为扶贫攻坚的基本方法,根据贫困区域的资源禀赋及贫困人口状况,在贫困人口精准识别、农业产业发展动力、贫困人口内生动力、农业产业生产组织形式、贫困人口受益机制等方面,创新工作方法,构建了契合当地资源环境及经济社会发展的扶贫体系;进一步完善了精准扶贫的区域政策、农业产业发展政策以及扶贫的内在传导机制等,增强农业科技精准扶贫的可持续性,实现了脱贫致富从短期效益到长期效益、从“输血”到“造血”的质的转变,为科技扶贫工作提供参考借鉴。

Targeted poverty alleviation in agricultural industry is an important strategy for China’s poverty alleviation and development in the new era.Most of the extreme poverty regions are located in the border areas and ethnic minority areas in Yunnan Province.Those regions are the main battlefield for poverty alleviation.Agricultural science and technology was selected as the basic way for the poverty alleviation after the in-depth study on the poverty regions.Afterwards,the poverty alleviation system was constructed,which conformed to the local resource and economic development.The system was consisted of the impoverished people’s recognition,driving force for agriculture development,endogenous impetus for poverty alleviation,organization form for agriculture development,and benefit mechanism model for poverty alleviation.Furthermore,the regional policy of poverty alleviation,agricultural industrial policy,and internal transmission mechanism of poverty alleviation were improved.Those methods enhanced the sustainability of the targeted poverty alleviation,which achieved the goals of the shaken off poverty during a long period with the essential transformation from a passive to a proactive.The study provides a reference for the poverty alleviation.