彝语南部方言聂苏话的运动事件词汇化类型研究

TheLexicalization Types of Motion Event in Nyesu Dialect of the Southern Yi Language

在Talmy理论框架下,对南部彝语聂苏话的运动事件词汇化类型进行考察,其方式、路径、背景、动体的要素特征表现在四个方面:一是方式动词可以通过复合构词、短语拓展、使用借词的方式来进行表达;二是路径动词一般为趋向动词,可以单独作谓语、可以和其他动词一起作谓语、也可以作补语,lε^(33)"来"、l■^(31)"去"和to^(31)"起"都发生了虚化;三是从由格可以编码路径信息,同时也标记背景信息的起点和终点;四是动体生命度的高低对其他语义要素有制约、互动的作用。南部彝语聂苏话运动事件的词化模式兼有E-型和S-型,并通过趋向动词的语法化,使E-型到S-型演变。

Under Talmy theory,this paper investigates the lexicalization types of movement event in Nyesu dialect of the Southern Yi Language. The essential features include motive,path,ground and figure. Firstly,motion verb can be expressed through compound word formation,phrase expansion and loan words. The second is that the path verb is generally a tendency verb,which can be used as a predicate alone,together with other verbs,or as a complement. lε^(33)、l■^(31) and to^(31) have grammaticalization. Thirdly,the path information can be encoded by from the case,and the starting point and end point can also be marked. Fourthly,the degree of vitality of the animate object has a restrictive and interactive effect on other semantic elements. The lexicalization pattern of Nyesu dialect of the Southern Yi dialect has both E-type and S-type,and it evolves from E-type to S-type by tending to the grammaticalization of directional verb.