母牛安静发情鉴定技术概况及影响因素分析

Analysis of Identification Technology and Influence Factors on Silent Estrus of Cows

安静发情母牛无明显发情行为,但具有正常卵泡发育、排卵过程,尚无理想的发情鉴定方法,常常错过人工输精最佳时机,导致产犊间隔延长,饲养成本增加。为此,本文综述了安静发情的鉴定方法概况及母牛安静发情的可能诱因。并指出,科学的管理及合理的营养可尽量减少母牛安静发情。此外,深入挖掘粪便、尿液、乳汁等发情标志物,研究其化合物在发情周期中的变化规律,并借助物联网、生物信息等技术,研发更精准、高效的发情鉴定技术,就有可能彻底突破安静发情鉴定技术瓶颈。

Although cows in silent estrus don’t show overt estrus behaviors,the normal follicular development and ovulation process can also be detected.The cows in silent estrus often miss the best opportunity for artificial insemination since no ideal oestrous identification method,which leads to a longer calving interval and the increase of feeding cost.Therefore,the identification method and the possible causes of silent estrus in cows were reviewed.It was pointed out that scientific management and reasonable nutrition could decrease the occurrence of silent estrus in cows.In addition,the estrus markers in feces,urine and milk should be given an deep study to understand the various physiological changes during the oestrous cycle,combining these physiological parameters and the internet,bioinformatics and other technologies,which will enable us to develop more accurate and efficient estrus detection technology,and thoroughly overcome the technical bottleneck of silent estrus identification.