6个豇豆品种农艺性状的相关性、主成分及聚类分析

Correlation,Principal Component and Cluster Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Six Cowpea Varieties

【目的】分析、评价豇豆品种的农艺性状,为筛选适宜广西南宁市及其周边地区栽培的豇豆品种提供参考依据。【方法】在广西南宁市苏圩镇开展6个长豇豆品种比较试验,测定各品种的双荚率、丰产性、荚纵径、单荚重和抗病性等13个农艺性状,并应用相关、主成分和聚类分析法进行综合评价。【结果】相关分析结果表明,豇豆的单株分枝数是影响单荚粒数和主茎节数的主要因素;豆荚长和宽度受双荚率和商品荚率的制约;商品荚率和主茎节数对单荚重的影响最明显;植株发病率升高会导致单荚重减少。主成分分析结果表明,桂豇一号、赣农超炫和超越708农艺性状的方差累计贡献率排名前3位,其综合得分分别为80.37165、57.56157和30.08979分;珍品5号、金豆8号和泰诚前锋农艺性状的方差累积贡献率排名后3位,综合得分分别为-44.20257、-50.45963和-73.36081分。聚类分析结果表明,在欧氏距离15处,可将6个豇豆品种分为两大类群,其中Ⅰ类的桂豇一号、赣农超炫和超越708具有产量高和抗病性强特点,Ⅱ类的珍品5号、金豆8号和泰诚前锋具有早熟特点。【结论】豇豆品种桂豇一号、赣农超炫和超越708的丰产性和抗病性等在广西南宁市苏圩镇综合表现良好,适宜在广西南宁市及其周边地区大面积推广种植。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to analyze and evaluate the agronomic characters of cowpea varieties,and provide reference for screening cowpea varieties suitable for cultivation in Nanning and its surrounding areas.【Method】A comparative experiment of six cowpea varieties was carried out in Suwei Town,Nanning City,Guangxi.Thirteen agronomic characters including double pods rate,high yield,pod longitudinal diameter,single pod weight and disease resistance were measured,and the correlation,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used for comprehensive evaluation.【Result】Correlation analysis showed that the number of branches per plant was the main reason affecting the number of seeds per pod and the number of main stem nodes.The length and width of pods were restricted by double pod rate and commercial pod rate.The rate of commercial pods and the number of main stem nodes had the greatest influence on single pod weight,and the increase of plant incidence would lead to the decrease of single pod weight.The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of variance of 13 agronomic characters of Guixiang No.1,Gannong Chaoxuan and Chaoyue 708 ranked the top 3,and their comprehensive scores were 80.37165,57.56157 and 30.08979,respectively.The top three varieties with comprehensive scores were Treasures No.5,Jindou No.8 and Taicheng Qianfeng,with comprehensive scores of-44.20257,-50.45963 and-73.36081,respectively.Cluster analysis showed that six cowpea varieties could be divided into two groups at the Euclidean distance of 15,among which Guirong No.1,Gannong Chaoxuan and Chaoyue 708 inⅠgroup were characterized by high yield and strong disease resistance.Treasures No.5,Jindou No.8 and Taicheng Qianfeng of the second category had precocious characteristics.【Conclusion】Cowpea varieties Guijin No.1,Gannong Chaoxuan and Chaoyue 708 have good performances in Suxu Town,Nanning City,Guangxi in yield and disease resistance,and are suitable for large-scale planting in Nanning and its surrounding areas.