泡沫除尘技术在隧道施工中的应用研究

Research on Application of Foam Dust Removal Technology in Tunnel Construction

本文介绍了隧道施工过程中粉尘的来源,并探究了采用泡沫对钻爆法施工过程中钻孔、爆破、出渣运输和喷射混凝土等产生大量高浓度粉尘以及其他污染物,及各种重型机械尾气产生的碳颗粒进行除尘的可行性。文章从隧道内粉尘的来源着手,大体可以将其来源主要有钻孔产尘、爆破过程中产生的粉尘、装渣和运输过程、喷混凝土过程中产生的粉尘。并且分析了泡沫的除尘机理。利用泡沫的截留效应、惯性碰撞、扩散效应、黏附效应可以针对隧道内的粉尘颗粒进行有效捕捉。根据李龙等人的研究可以看出泡沫除尘对人体基本无害,泡沫除尘对环境的影响也可以忽略不计,周长根等人通过试验发现,对于易燃易爆类粉尘,采用泡沫除尘既可以保证安全性又具有良好的除尘效果,故采用泡沫除尘的优势性很大。

This paper introduced the source of dust in the process of tunnel construction,and explored the feasibility of using foam to produce large quantities of high concentration dust and other pollutants,and carbon particles produced by various heavy machinery exhaust gas during drilling and blasting construction,such as drilling,blasting,slag transportation and shotcrete.This paper starts from the source of dust in the tunnel,which can be roughly divided into the following sources:the dust produced by drilling,the dust produced in the process of blasting,the dust produced in the process of slag loading and transportation,and the dust produced in the process of shotcreting.The dust removal mechanism of foam is also analyzed.The dust particles in the tunnel can be effectively captured by the foam interception effect,inertial collision,diffusion effect and adhesion effect.According to the research of Li Long and others,it can be seen that foam dedusting is harmless to the human body,and the influence of foam dedusting on the environment can also be ignored.Zhou Changgen and others have found through experiments that for the flammable and explosive dust,the use of foam dedusting can not only guarantee safety but also have good dust removal effect,so the advantage of foam dedusting is great.