语言经验对概率词切分的影响

The influence of linguistic experience on statistical word segmentation

概率词切分指个体利用音节间的转换概率切分语流、发现词语边界的过程。经典的概率词切分研究多采用“学习−测试”范式,首先要求被试切分一段无意义人工语言,随后对切分效果进行测试。近年来,研究者逐渐关注语言经验对概率词切分的影响,具体包括语音经验和被试掌握的语言知识两方面。今后的研究,一方面可以更多地关注普通话母语者的语言经验如何作用于概率词切分过程;另一方面还可以在语言经验的分类上进行拓展,细分群体语言经验和个体语言经验的影响。

Ample statistical learning(SL)studies have shown that individuals can perform word segmentation by tracking the likelihood of syllable co-occurrences in continuous speech.The classic“exposure-test”paradigm was widely used in this field,in which participants were first exposed to an artificial language and then tested in a forced choice task to assess learning effects.Recently,research has shown that participants’linguistic background,including their phonological and lexical experience,may result in experience-dependent SL.After a systematic review,we also discuss the direction for future SL studies.Specifically,we suggest that for studies involving Mandarin native speakers,researchers should carefully examine the separate and combined effects of various linguistic experience in order to better understand statistical word segmentation.