化危为机:青少年学校转折期的过渡

School transition during adolescence:Turning crisis into opportunity

从生命历程的角度看,学校过渡是青少年成长过程中的重要发展转折点,对个体的发展轨迹具有重要影响。先前研究多基于缺陷的视角,将学校过渡视为充满挑战和风险的危机时期,并发现青少年在这一时期伴随着各种消极的发展结果。但从青少年积极发展的视角来看,学校过渡可能是青少年获得适应性的、健康发展的重要机遇,也是发展可塑性表现最为充分的时期。如果青少年的内部和外部资源能够很好的融合,他们就有可能获得积极的学校过渡。

From the perspective of life course,school transition is considered a key turning point in adolescent development and may alter individual developmental trajectories.Based on the deficit view,previous studies have suggested that most adolescents are at risk,beset by many challenges,and may experience a variety of negative developmental outcomes during that transition.Drawing on the positive youth development perspective,however,the transition period may be an important opportunity for adolescents to achieve adaptive and healthy development,and it is also the period in which developmental plasticity is most fully manifested.Along this line,if adolescents’internal and external assets are well integrated,they may have a positive school transition.