不同种类饮料对恒牙牙釉质脱矿的体外研究

In vitro Study of Enamel Demineralization of Permanent Teeth by Different Kinds of Beverages

目的比较常见不同种类饮料对恒牙牙釉质脱矿的影响。方法选取因正畸治疗需要而被拔除的恒牙25颗,采用4种常见不同种类市售饮料对离体恒牙持续进行浸泡7 d,采用Bio-Rad iMark酶标仪,测定不同时间点不同饮料浸泡后浸泡液中钙、磷含量的变化。应用维氏显微硬度仪,测定不同时间点、不同饮料浸泡后恒牙牙釉质表面显微硬度的变化。结果持续浸泡7 d,不同种类的饮料对牙釉质的脱矿程度不同,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中果醋类饮料和运动饮料对牙釉质中钙、磷的溶出作用最明显,而茶饮料对牙釉质中钙、磷的溶出作用最不明显。各组牙釉质表面显微硬度值的差别也具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经碳酸饮料、果醋类饮料以及运动饮料持续浸泡7 d后,牙釉质的显微硬度值均显著下降,而茶饮料组的牙釉质显微硬度值起初呈平稳下降趋势,之后逐步回升。结论果醋类和碳酸饮料均可导致牙釉质脱矿,茶饮料对牙釉质的再矿化有一定作用,对牙齿损害较轻。

Objective To compare the effects of different types of beverages on enamel demineralization of permanent teeth.Methods Twenty-five permanent teeth were extracted for orthodontic treatment in the stomatology hospital of Fujian Medical University,and four different beverages were used to soak the isolated permanent teeth for 7 d.The Bio-Rad iMark microplate absorbance reader was used to determine the changes in the content of calcium and phosphorus in the soaking solution of different beverages at different time points.Vickers microhardness instrument was applied to determine the changes in microhardness of the enamel surface of permanent teeth after soaking in different beverages at different time points.Results The specimens were soaked for 7 days with different types of beverages on the degree of demineralization of enamel,and difference in the demineralization was significant(P<0.05).The two beverages,fruit vinegar beverage and sports functional beverage,had the most obvious effect on the solubilization of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel,while the tea beverage had the least obvious effect on the solubilization of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel.The differences between the microhardness values of the enamel surface were also significant(P<0.05).After soaking in carbonated beverage,fruit vinegar beverage,and sports functional beverage for 7 days,the microhardness of tooth enamel decreased significantly,while in the tea beverage group,the microhardness of tooth enamel decreased steadily at first and then gradually increased.Conclusion Both fruit vinegar beverage and carbonated beverage can lead to enamel demineralization.Tea beverage has a certain effect on the re-mineralization of tooth enamel,and it is the beverage that is less damaging to teeth.