上海市嘉定区青少年尝试吸烟现状及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of attempted smoking among adolescents in Jiading District,Shanghai

【目的】了解嘉定区青少年人群中尝试吸烟现状,探讨青少年吸烟行为的影响因素,为在青少年人群中开展针对性控烟工作提供理论依据。【方法】采用分层、随机抽样方法抽取上海市嘉定区7所中学初一至初三的学生共计3745人作为研究对象,对其进行匿名网络问卷调查,内容包括主要人口学信息及尝试吸烟情况,并使用二分类logistic回归方法进行分析。青少年尝试吸烟的定义为截至问卷调查时,至少吸过一口烟。【结果】回收有效问卷3630份,有效率96.9%(3630/3745)。青少年尝试吸烟率4.4%(158/3630)。相对女性,男性尝试吸烟行为风险较高(P<0.05);相对上海城镇户籍,非上海户籍的青少年尝试吸烟行为发生的可能性较高(P<0.05);相对身边没有吸烟者,家人、同学、朋友等人的吸烟行为均是青少年尝试吸烟行为的危险因素(P<0.05),当家庭吸烟人数多于2人时,青少年尝试吸烟行为发生的风险显著提高(P<0.05);相对于认为吸烟对青少年健康有害,认为可能有害或无害是青少年尝试吸烟的危险因素(P<0.05)。【结论】嘉定区学校控烟工作有一定成效,青少年尝试吸烟比例较低,但仍需加强控烟力度,在制定青少年人群控烟措施时,应着重关注男性、非上海户籍人群,在家庭无烟环境等方面进行针对性控烟健康教育。

[Objective]To understand the current status of smoking attempt among adolescents in Jiading District of Shanghai and to explore the influencing factors so as to provide suggestions for further intervention and control of tobacco smoking among adolescents.[Methods]A total of 3745 students from grade one to grade three from seven junior high school in Jiading District,Shanghai,were selected to participate in the survey by stratified cluster random sampling method.Anonymous internet questionnaire survey was conducted and the survey data,including main demographic information and smoking attempt,was analyzed by binary logistic regression test.Smoking attempt was defined as the teenagers had smoked at least one puff prior to the time of questionnaire survey.[Results]A total of 3630 valid questionnaires were collected and the rate was 96.9%(3630/3745).Overall 4.4%(158/3630)of participants had smoking attempt.The results of binary logistic regression test showed that compared with women,men had higher risk of attempted smoking(P<0.05).Compared with registered residence in Shanghai,the risk of smoking behavior was higher among adolescents who were not registered residence in Shanghai(P<0.05).Smoking behavior among family members,classmates and friends were risk factors for adolescents to attempt smoking(P<0.05).When the number of family smoker was higher than 2,the risk of young students trying to smoke was significantly higher(P<0.05).Compared with the students who believed smoking was harmful to adolescents'health,it was a risk factor for those who considered trying to smoke might be harmful or harmless to try smoking(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Smoking control in Jiading District schools has achieved some success,and the proportion of teenagers trying to smoke is low.However,further enhancement of smoking control among young people is still in need and we should devote more attention on male adolescents with non-Shanghai residence registration,and family smoke-free environment.