尿液细菌培养结果与耐药情况研究

Study on the Results of Urine Bacterial Culture and Drug Resistance

目的探讨尿液细菌培养结果与耐药情况。方法选择该院2019年1—12月收治的200例尿培养阳性的患者,观察分析患者培养菌株耐药情况。结果200例尿路感染菌株中包括革兰阴性杆菌144株(72.00%),革兰阳性球菌38株(19.00%),真菌18株(9.00%)。其中革兰阴性杆菌主要种类为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌株、变形杆菌株。革兰阳性球菌主要种类为屎肠球菌株、粪肠球菌株。大肠埃希菌株对氨苄西林的耐药率最高为94.00%,对亚胺培南、美洛培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和多粘菌素B耐药率较低,依次为0.00%、0.00%、4.00%、2.00%;非发酵菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药率依次为92.00%、93.00%、96.00%,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和多粘菌素B耐药率较低依次为8.00%、12.00%。肠球菌对替考拉宁、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、夫西地酸的耐药率较低依次为0.00%、0.00%、4.00%、5.00%。葡萄球菌对万古霉素的耐药率为0,对呋喃妥因、呋西地酸、利福平、阿米卡星的耐药性在10.00%以下。结论尿液细菌培养结果与耐药情况可以为临床用药提供重要的参考信息和根据,指导临床抗生素的合理应用,减少泌尿道感染相关的耐药菌株的产生。该方法值得临床进一步推广使用。

Objective To investigate the results of urine bacterial culture and drug resistance.Methods Select 200 patients with positive urine cultures admitted to the hospital from January to December 2019,and observe and analyze the drug resistance of the cultured strains of the patients.Results 200 cases of urinary tract infections included 144 gram-negative bacilli(72.00%),38 gram-positive cocci(19.00%),and 18 fungi(9.00%).Among them,the main types of gram-negative bacilli were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae strains,and Proteus strains.The main types of gram-positive cocci were Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecalis.Escherichia coli strains had the highest resistance rate to ampicillin at 94.00%,and have lower resistance rates to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone/sulbactam and polymyxin B,followed by 0.00%,0.00%,4.00%,2.00%;resistance rates of non-fermenting bacteria to ampicillin,cefazolin,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were 92.00%,93.00%,96.00%,and cefoperazone/sulbactam and polymyxin B resistance rate was 8.00% and 12.00%.The resistance rates of enterococci to teicoplanin,vancomycin,linezolid,and fusidic acid were 0.00%,0.00%,4.00%,and 5.00%.Staphylococcus had a resistance rate of 0 to vancomycin,and resistance to nitrofurantoin,fursidic acid,rifampicin,and amikacin was below 10.00%.Conclusion The results of urine bacterial culture and drug resistance can provide important reference information and basis for clinical medication,guide the rational application of clinical antibiotics,and reduce the generation of drug-resistant strains related to urinary tract infections.This method is worthy of further clinical application.