陇南玉垒花灯戏表演要素及其发展变化

On the Performing Elements of Yulei Lantern Drama in Longnan and Its Development and Change

位于陕甘川陇蜀古道上的非物质文化遗产陇南玉垒花灯戏,系甘肃乃至西北地区有影响的传统戏曲剧种之一。从民国卢冀野戏曲论看,玉垒花灯戏具有戏剧程式的混合体特点。比较文学文献的整理和研究所见,玉垒花灯戏的曲白和导(表)演程式与传统戏曲的“六要”是相互混融的,其“戏母子”在表演中发挥着极其重要的作用。具备陇蜀复合文化背景的玉垒花灯戏,其曲牌使用和唱腔形式具有自身的文学特点。陕甘川陇蜀道文化多维浸染下的玉垒花灯戏,其乐器、乐队和伴奏也经数百年完善而自成体系。玉垒花灯戏的演员道具、演出场所和调演活动有特色优势,因而显现出很高的文化艺术价值。中华人民共和国成立后,玉垒花灯戏在表演要素上有新的发展变化,紧随时代演进而显现出种种选择性。

Yulei Lantern Drama in Longnan,an intangible cultural heritage located in the adjacent area of Shaanxi,Gansu and Sichuan along the Silk Road,is one of the influential traditional operas in Gansu and even in the northwest of China.From the perspective of Lu Jiye's opera theory in the Republic of China,Yulei Lantern Drama has the characteristics of a mixture of theatrical styles.Comparing the Speaking and Directing(Table)performances of Yulei Lantern Drama with traditional opera concepts,it can be found that the"six essentials"of Yulei Lantern Drama are actually intermingled with each other,and that"mother and son"plays an extremely important role in the performance.Yulei Lantern Drama,which has a complex cultural background,has its own literary characteristics in the use of opera cards and singing form.Yulei Lantern Drama,which is influenced by the multi-dimensional regional culture of Shaanxi,Gansu and Sichuan,has its own musical instruments,bands and accompaniments perfected for hundreds of years.The performers'props,venues and performances of Yulei Lantern Drama show high cultural and artistic value because of their unique advantages.After the founding of the people's Republic of China,Yulei Lantern Drama has a new development and change in performance elements,which is closely related to the evolution of the times and a variety of selectivity.