低轨Walker星座构型偏置维持控制方法分析

Analysis of configuration offsetting maintenance method for LEO Walker constellation

针对低轨(low earth orbit,LEO)Walker星座构型稳定性维持问题,分析了低轨卫星的轨道摄动和星座构型稳定性的影响因素。通过分析低轨Walker星座的轨道摄动和相对漂移特点,提出了两次偏置策略。首先,依据未偏置时星座相对漂移量拟合得出第一次偏置时的偏置量。然后利用第一次偏置后的相对漂移量拟合得出第二次偏置量,消除残余项影响。两次偏置量叠加,使相对漂移大大降低。结果表明,低轨Walker星座中各卫星的初始参数偏差造成了升交点赤经和沿迹角相对漂移的发散,两次偏置策略可将两种星座的相对漂移量降至0.1°以下,证明了策略的有效性,提高了星座构型稳定性。

Aiming at the problem of maintaining the stability of Walker constellation in low Earth orbit(LEO),the factors affecting the orbit perturbation of LEO satellites and the stability of constellation configuration were analyzed.By analyzing the characteristics of the orbit perturbation and relative drift of the LEO Walker constellation,a two-bias strategy was proposed.First,the offset amount at the first offset was obtained by fitting the relative drift amount of the constellation when it was not offset.Then the relative drift after the first offset was used to obtain the second offset,eliminating the effects of residual terms.The two offsets were superimposed to greatly reduce the relative drift.The results show that the deviation of the initial parameters of the satellites in the LEO Walker constellation caused the divergence of the relative ascension of the ascending node and the relative drift of the along-track angle.The two-bias strategy can reduce the relative drift of the two constellations to less than 0.1°,which improves the effectiveness of the strategy and the stability of the constellation configuration.