二甲双胍干预哮喘作用机制的研究进展

Progress in mechanism of metformin for treatment of asthma

支气管哮喘是由过敏原、刺激性暴露等多种因素触发,以气道慢性炎症、气道高反应性和气道重塑为主要特征的慢性气道疾病,多伴有喘息、气短、胸闷、咳嗽和呼气气流受限等症状[1]。国内外流行病学显示,支气管哮喘作为严重降低人们生活质量的健康问题,其患病率呈明显的上升趋势,预计2025年可能到达十亿人[2]。有报道指出,肥胖、2型糖尿病等糖脂代谢异常的人群更易患哮喘等疾病[3-4]。目前哮喘的治疗以注射免疫抑制剂、雾化吸入激素等手段为主,虽可改善一般患者的临床症状,但对伴糖脂代谢异常的哮喘患者治疗作用并不理想。二甲双胍(metformin)是临床中的常用药物,主要用于糖尿病的治疗。近年来,研究人员发现二甲双胍对哮喘的预后有一定积极作用。基于此,本文拟对二甲双胍干预哮喘的作用机制进行综述。

Metformin is a commonly used drug in clinical practice,mainly used in the treatment of diabetes.In recent years,metformin has shown a positive effect on the prognosis of patients with respiratory diseases.It is all known that abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism is common in asthmatic patients,thus providing a feasible basis for the use of metformin to treat asthma.Metformin improves the immune system,enhances antioxidant capacity,regulates enzyme reac⁃tion,corrects intestinal flora disorders,and reduces the risk of asthma.Therefore,this paper intends to analyze the mechanism of metformin in the treatment of asthma and provide new ideas and methods for clinical medication.