两种全尺寸弯曲试验设备的对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Two Full-scale Bending Test Facilities

全尺寸弯曲试验是研究管道弯曲变形的重要实物试验方法。针对不同类型的全尺寸弯曲试验设备开展分析研究,对其加载方式、空间布局、功能特点等内容进行对比。结果表明:全尺寸弯曲试验设备一般采用双臂弯曲(两点弯曲)或四点弯曲加载方式。双臂弯曲加载对试验管影响小,但对动力油缸要求高;四点弯曲加载对油缸能力要求低,但加载时的管道变形均匀性差。按照空间布局设备可分为水平和垂直布局两类。水平布局形式结构简单造价低、但占地面积大;垂直布局设备占地面积小,但结构复杂、造价高。根据功能的不同、设备还可以分为仅能完成弯曲试验以及可完成复合加载试验两种。前者结构原理简单、造价低但功能单一;后者试验能力强,但配套机构多、造价及维护成本高。

Full scale bending test is an important physical test method to study the bending deformation of pipeline.In this paper,different types of full-scale bending test facilities are analyzed and studied,and the loading mode,spatial layout and functional characteristics are compared.The results show that:the full-scale bending test facilities generally adopts double arm bending(two-point bending)or four-point bending loading mode.The double arm bending loading mode has little influence on the test pipe,but it has high requirements for the power cylinder.The four point bending loading mode has low requirements for the cylinder capacity,but the pipeline deformation uniformity is poor.According to the spatial layout,the facilities can be divided into horizontal and vertical layout.The horizontal layout equipment is simple and low cost,but covers a large area;whereas the vertical layout equipment covers a small area,but is complex and high cost.According to different functions,the facilities can also be divided into two types,which can only complete bending and can complete composite loading test.The former is with simple structure and principle,low cost but single function,and the latter has strong test ability,but needs many supporting equipment with high cost and maintenance cost.