美国智库对中美科技竞争的观点解读及对策建议

An analysis of U.S.Think Tanks’Viewpoints of U.S.-China Technology Competition and Suggestions

[目的/意义]准确研判美国智库对于中美科技竞争的基本观点,是分析美国对中国进行科技竞争的舆论走向、战略认知与政策取向的重要依据。[方法/过程]选取美国8家主流智库的11份代表性研究成果作为研究样本,发现美国智库主要围绕中国科技实力的发展对美国产生的影响与美国如何同中国展开科技竞争这两个议题进行全面与深入的探讨。总体而言,美国主要智库已就中国科技实力对美国形成重要挑战这一点达成一定的共识,但在美国同中国展开科技竞争应实行的具体政策上存在一定的分歧。[结果/结论]美国智库总体上对中美科技竞争持消极观点,这是美国对中国的战略认知出现转变的结果。这些观点的传播将影响美国政府对华科技政策的取向,影响其他国家同中国展开的科技合作。中国应该在理性与辩证地看待美国主流智库观点的基础上,消除美国智库观点带来的消极影响,管控中美间在科技领域的战略竞争,努力拓展同美国以及其他国家在科技领域的合作空间,增强自主创新能力,化解中国在科技外交上可能面临的不利局面。

[Purpose/Significance]In order to analyze the U.S.public opinions and strategic cognition of U.S.-China technology competition as well as U.S.technology policy towards China,we need to accurately research and judge the viewpoints of U.S.think tanks in terms of U.S.-China technology competition.[Method/Process]11 representative research results from 8 U.S.think tanks are selected as research samples.Two topics have received U.S.think tanks’attention.The first is Chinese technology development and its impact on U.S.The second is how to compete with China in technology.In general,U.S.think banks have reached consensus in the former but not in the latter.[Result/Conclusion]The overall negative viewpoints of think tanks is due to the changing strategic perception of U.S.toward China.The propagation of the negative viewpoints will affect official policy orientation and impede technological cooperation between China and other countries.China should take measures to minimize those negative viewpoints.China should try to manage the strategic competition between China and U.S.in science and technology and expand technological cooperation with U.S.In case of a deteriorated U.S.-China science and technology relationship,China should enhance its innovative capability and seek alternative technological cooperative partners.