莱辛如何思考文明冲突问题?——《智者纳坦》中的指环寓言再释

Lessing and His Thoughts on Civilization Clash: A Reinterpretation of the Fable of Ring in Nathan der Weise

文明冲突问题是现代世界面临的巨大挑战,也是每一个比较学者无法回避的深刻难题。本文通过分析莱辛的最后一部剧本《智者纳坦》,试图从诗或文学的角度具体呈现并反思上述问题,提供理论思考之外的另一种可能。在揭示《智者纳坦》圈层结构,并细致分析全剧中心事件"指环寓言"的基础上,论文认为,审慎地将最终裁定权交给未来,是纳坦也是莱辛本人的伟大智慧;真正克服宗教与文化偏见,需要的不是奇迹和幻想,而是爱和善的行动。

The issue of civilization clash is a huge challenge faced by the modern w orld,and a profound problem that every comparatist cannot evade. This article attempts to present and reflect on the above issue from the perspective of poetic thinking by analyzing Lessing’s last play Nathan the Wise,providing another possibility beyond theoretical thinking. On the basis of revealing the circle structure of the drama and carefully interpreting the"Fable of the Ring"at the center of the drama,the paper holds that it is Nathan and Lessing’s great w isdom to carefully give the final judgement to the future. What w e really need to overcome religious and cultural prejudices are not miracles or fantasies,but actions of love and kindness.