肝门部胆管癌的介入治疗现状及研究进展

Interventional treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: its current status and research progress

肝门部胆管癌是最常见且严重威胁患者生命的胆道系统恶性肿瘤。近年来,随着介入放射学的快速多样化发展,介入治疗已逐渐成为肝门部胆管癌的重要的治疗手段,主要包括胆道引流、胆道支架、125I粒子腔内近距离照射、胆道腔内射频消融以及经肝动脉介入治疗等5种方法。如何安全有效的解除胆汁淤积症状、避免胆道再狭窄的发生是当前研究的热点问题。本文就目前临床上针对肝门部胆管癌常用的上述介入治疗方法及其临床疗效作一综述,并进一步展望多种介入治疗手段联合使用在抑制肿瘤进展、提高患者生存质量等方面的临床应用价值。

Hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma is the most common and life-threatening malignant tumor of the biliary system.In recent years,with the rapid development of various therapeutic techniques in the field of interventional radiology,interventional therapies have gradually become an important palliative treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma,which mainly include the following five therapies:percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD),biliary stent implantation,125I seed biliary intracavitary brachytherapy,biliary intracavitary radiofrequency ablation(RFA)and interventional therapy via hepatic artery.How to safely and effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of cholestasis and how to avoid the occurrence of biliary restenosis are current research hot spots.This article aims to make a comprehensive review about the abovementioned interventional therapies for hilar cholangiocarcinomas and their clinical curative effect,and also to make some prospects on the clinical application values of combination use of multiple interventional therapy methods in inhibiting tumor progression and in improving the quality of life of patients.(J Intervent Radiol,2021,30:312-316).