社会学视角下“四唯”问题的成因及破解——以大学职称评审为例

The Causes of and Solutions to the"Four Only"Problem from the Sociological Perspective--Take the Appraisal of University Professional Titles as an Example

中国大学在职称、人才称号、项目等评审工作中广泛存在的“四唯”问题既与政府、社会对大学的评价考核标准有关,也与大学内部对教师的考核评价体系有关,有其阶段合理性。但时至今日,“四唯”倾向已严重影响高层次专业技术人才队伍的培养、发现、集聚和使用,不利于激发“第一资源”在国家经济社会发展中的驱动力。破解“四唯”困局的关键在于树立和引导正确的科研价值取向,建立以代表作、同行评价为重要参考标准的评价机制,重视标志性成果的质量、贡献和影响,使职称评审的支点回归大学初心,即高质量做好教书育人、科学研究和社会服务等工作。

The widely existing"four only"problem in the appraisal process of the professional titles,talents titles and projects of Chinese universities is not only related to the government and society appraisal and testing standards on universities,but also to the universities′appraisal and testing system on teachers,presenting the stage rationality.But now,the"four only"tendency has seriously affected the cultivation,discovery,gathering and employment of the team of high-level technical talents,which is not helpful to stimulate the drive of the"first resource"in the national economical and social development.The key to breaking the"four only"phenomenon is to establish and guide the correct research value orientation,to set up the appraisal system with representative masterpiece and peer evaluation as important reference standards,attach importance to the quality,attribution and influence of the masterpieces,and make the pinpoint of the appraisal of professional titles return to the original intention of universities,which refers to teaching and cultivating students,doing research and serving the society with high quality.