孟子的美德政治论:从个体之正义到制度之正义

Mencius′s Virtue Politics:From Individual Justice to Institutional Justice

尽管美德伦理学在最近几十年得到了长足的复兴,与义务论和功利主义在当代伦理学中形成了三足鼎立的局面,但美德论似乎有一个先天的缺陷。与义务论和功利主义可以同时作为政治哲学不同,美德论由于强调个人的美德而一直无法提出一种相应的政治哲学。以孟子为中心、以正义概念为焦点进行考察,提出一种以美德伦理为基础的美德政治论可以为一个社会的政治制度提供道德证明。

Although virtue ethics has experienced an impressive revival during the last few decades,becoming a rival to deontology and consequentialism,yet it seems to have an inherent deficiency.Unlike deontology and consequentialism that can serve as both ethics and political philosophy,virtue ethics is unable to develop an adequate politics philosophy,as its focus is the virtue of individuals.Centered on Mencius and focused on the concept of justice,this paper aims to propose the virtue politics based on virtue ethics that can provide moral justification for the political system of a society.