地方政府土地开发与社区治理机制建构——基于苏南Y安置社区的田野经验

Land Development of Local Government and Construction of Community Governance Mechanism:A Case Study of Y Resettlement Community in South Jiangsu Province

安置社区治理机制的形成,与地方政府土地开发行为有着密切联系。梳理苏南土地开发实践发现,地方政府在土地开发中形成土地控制,实现对安置社区社会、经济与政治三方面的统筹,形塑了安置社区社会结构均质化、经济基础输入性及政治体系嵌入式的特征。地方政府以空间变革的方式改变了社区既有的社会关系与社会秩序,并通过治理资源的输入与治理需求的满足释放治理空间。基于土地控制的权力运作,地方政府在安置社区形成了层级吸纳式治理体系和有效回应农民需求的治理机制。地方政府以土地开发行为获得村集体所享有的土地控制权力,直接切断了农民与土地的关联,以建构社区治理机制的方式,为国家与农民建立起间接联系,丰富了土地政治蕴含。

The formation of the resettlement community governance mechanism is closely related to the local government's land development behavior.In the history of local land development in southern Jiangsu,local governments have established the land-control,that is,the overall the social,economic and political co-ordination of resettlement community,and the reshaping of homogeneous social structure,inputting of economic basis and embedding of political system.Through these three controls,the local government changes the existing social relations and social order in the way of spatial transformation,and releases the governance space through the input of governance resources and the satisfaction of governance needs.Based on the power of land control,the local government has formed an absorbing governance system based on the power operation of local government's land-control and an effective governance mechanism to respond to farmers needs.However,the local government obtains the land control ability which the village collective enjoys by the land development behavior,thus directly cuts off the between the farmer and the land,establishes the indirect connection between the state and the farmer by constructing community governance mechanism,and thereby enriches the political implications of land.